A cut and cover method of constructing grade separation structures includes partially burying precast substructure elements with associated trench boxes under live traffic. Once the precast substructure elements are buried, the substructure is completed and the bridge span is installed. Other methods include installing precast superstructure elements with a formwork system and forming a bridge substructure and excavating underneath the superstructure once the superstructure is formed.

A cut and cover method of constructing grade separation structures includes partially burying precast substructure elements with associated trench boxes under live traffic. Once the precast substructure elements are buried, the substructure is completed and the bridge span is installed. Other methods include installing precast superstructure elements with a formwork system and forming a bridge substructure and excavating underneath the superstructure once the superstructure is formed.

A cut and cover method of constructing grade separation structures includes partially burying precast substructure elements with associated trench boxes under live traffic. Once the precast substructure elements are buried, the substructure is completed and the bridge span is installed. Other methods include installing precast superstructure elements with a formwork system and forming a bridge substructure and excavating underneath the superstructure once the superstructure is formed.

The invention relates to transport and logistics systems of large cities, and may be used in construction of cities with population of over five hundred thousand people. The technical result of the proposed solution is to optimize the urban transport and logistics system, eliminate traffic congestions and ensure rapid movement to any point in the city. The urban transport and logistics system includes the first ground level for road and rail freight transport, the second level of pipeline and technical communications, the third level of passenger transport, the fourth pedestrian level, each level being located one above the other, and they are connected with each other and with residential and non-residential buildings by vertical staircase-elevator modules.

The invention relates to transport and logistics systems of large cities, and may be used in construction of cities with population of over five hundred thousand people. The technical result of the proposed solution is to optimize the urban transport and logistics system, eliminate traffic congestions and ensure rapid movement to any point in the city. The urban transport and logistics system includes the first ground level for road and rail freight transport, the second level of pipeline and technical communications, the third level of passenger transport, the fourth pedestrian level, each level being located one above the other, and they are connected with each other and with residential and non-residential buildings by vertical staircase-elevator modules.

Novel systems and methods are disclosed for fully automated creation of plated ties and/or pre-fabricated sections of railroad track away from and for shipment to an installation site.

An adzer bit includes a support member that defines a through hole that is configured to receive a fastener. The support member includes a cutting segment cap portion and a base portion. The support member also defines an annular slot that is axially disposed between the cutting segment cap portion and the base portion. A plurality of cutting segments are received and secured in the annular slot. The material of the plurality of cutting segments is harder than the material of the support member.

An adzer bit includes a support member that defines a through hole that is configured to receive a fastener. The support member includes a cutting segment cap portion and a base portion. The support member also defines an annular slot that is axially disposed between the cutting segment cap portion and the base portion. A plurality of cutting segments are received and secured in the annular slot. The material of the plurality of cutting segments is harder than the material of the support member.

The present invention relates to a process and to a system for laying tracks for ballastless railway and tramway lines, both in tunnel and in surface.

This invention relates to a cut and cover method of constructing grade separation structures. The methods include partially burying precast substructure elements with associated trench boxes under live traffic. Once the precast substructure elements are buried the substructure is completed and the bridge span is installed. Other methods include installing precast superstructure elements with formwork system and forming a bridge substructure and excavating underneath the superstructure once the substructure is formed.