Support structure for a surface area, comprising an array of base elements, interconnected for forming the base structure defining a deck, the base elements comprising at least one void for receiving a fluid and wherein the deck is provided with openings for passing fluids into and/or from said void and/or openings for interconnecting the base elements, wherein in at least one of said openings a plug has been provided, said plug provided with a connector for connecting an artefact to said plug.

Structural cells and matrices using the structural cells for positioning below a hardscape that define a void space therein, the structural cells, matrices using the cells and methods of assembly allowing in one embodiment the introduction of a structural fluid such as concrete to provide an alternative structural cell and matrix product. In one embodiment a structural cell assembly is described comprising a structural cell with a plurality of legs integrally linked to a frame at a first frame end, the frame linking the legs together and the frame defining a generally flat plane with the legs extending substantially orthogonally away from the first frame end about the frame flat plane to a leg terminal end; and a separate plate engaging the legs, the separate plate comprising linked sockets, each socket engaging the leg terminal end; and/or linked sockets, each socket engaging the leg frame ends or a part thereof.

A design and construction method for using modified phosphogypsum in a roadbed and slope, where the method includes preparing a phosphogypsum-containing roadbed mixture, setting moisture content of the roadbed mixture, preparing a phosphogypsum-containing slope mixture, and construction of a roadbed and slope. The preparation of the phosphogypsum-containing roadbed mixture includes 90 parts by weight of phosphogypsum and 10 parts by weight of cement, and uniformly mixed and stirred to obtain a base material mixture; and 2-4 parts by weight of sodium silicate is dissolved in water, and the obtained solution is added to the base material mixture to obtain the phosphogypsum-containing roadbed mixture. The design and construction method are simple, can satisfy roadbed strength and rebound modulus requirements, and can be widely applied to filling-deficient areas with a high yield of phosphogypsum solid wastes.

A method of slowing an aircraft overrunning a runway, including paving an area immediately beyond the end of a runway with foamed glass bodies to define a bed, covering the bed with a layer of cementitious material to define a composite bed, and crushing at least a portion of the composite bed with an oncoming aircraft, wherein crushing the at least a portion of the composite bed removes kinetic energy from the oncoming aircraft to slow the oncoming aircraft. The composite bed is generally resistant to fire.

A sheet for use in ground works, the sheet having an upper face with an plurality of openings therein, a lower face configured so as to permit liquid to drain through the sheet and a spacing arrangement to separate the upper face from the lower face and define a volume therebetween, where the volume is capable of receiving an infill material via the openings in the upper face. The lower face of the sheet is configured to be interengageably secured to an upper face of a similar further sheet.

Various embodiments of a system for monitoring drainage of a permeable pavement system are provided as well as various exemplary installation scenarios. In particular, embodiments of a permeable (or pervious) pavement management platform are disclosed herein. In embodiments, the pavement management platform provides a service that allows the user to determine vacuum maintenance needs for permeable (or pervious) pavement systems. Advantages of the platform include: subscription-based asset management platform as a service (PaaS), customized off-the-shelf water-level sensors, off-the-shelf tipping-bucket rain gauge, observation well installation consistent with industry standards, can be implemented in residential, commercial, municipal, county, and state systems, lithium-ion battery powered sensor, LoRA sensor to hub data transmission network, cellular data transmission from hub, electrical power for cellular data transmission hub (can be solar panel powered), real-time dashboarding of surface runoff storage, real-time dashboarding of ground water recharge rate, and permeability (clogging) threshold alerts, among others.

Systems and methods for a ground water filtration system are described. The ground water filtration system includes paver blocks designed to facilitate liquid seepage between the paver blocks and to route the seepage to a preferred area. A filter may be utilized to remove undesired particulates in the seepage prior to routing. The ground water filtration system additionally provides at least one layer of stone to facilitate flow direction of the seepage. At least one geogrid fabric is also provided to further enhance ground water filtration.

An embodiment of the container can include a top surface, a bottom surface and at least one side surface oriented between the top and the bottom surface. At least one side surface can define at least one exit port and at least one entrance port to the container. The container can define an internal cavity. The container can also include a load bearing member oriented on at least one of: the top surface, bottom surface or the at least one side surface. The container's top surface is load bearing, non-slip surface. First and second containers can be coupled in multiple variations and at multiple angles and power, data, fluid, or gas can be transferred and communicated between the two containers. The containers described herein can function as a replacement for standard flooring, sidewalks, and roads, or can seamlessly blend into the pre-existing environment.

Geocells for moderate to low load applications are disclosed here. The geocells have a cell wall thickness of from 0.25 mm to 0.95 mm. They have a wall strength of from 3500 N/m to 15000 N/m.

Geocells for moderate to low load applications are disclosed here. The geocells have a cell wall thickness of from 0.25 mm to 0.95 mm. They have a wall strength of from 3500 N/m to 15000 N/m.