A sediment capping system is adapted to create, and distribute, a homogenized mixture of capping material. Where distributing the capping material, the system is configured to militate against the capping material forming clumps of a size and weight that would disturb the sediment on a bottom of a body of water. This in turn militates against the sediment being disturbed, and a disturbing of pollutants and toxins into the water surrounding the sediment. The sediment capping system militates against the clumping of capping material through a vibrating spreader and baffle system, producing a sediment cap with a more consistent depth that will minimally disturb the sediment on the floor of the body of water where the sediment cap is being deposited.

The present invention is directed to below grade fluid containment structures, which may include a foam floor and a foam wall extending upward from the floor, the foam wall being formed from foam panels. A granular material is provided for reducing hydraulic soil pressure against an exterior face of the foam wall that would otherwise be exerted by the soil, if the soil were allowed to be positioned up against the foam, particularly the foam wall. The well-draining granular material may be gravel, crushed stone, or the like, which provides better drainage as compared to the surrounding soil material. The interior face of the foam is coated with an elastomeric abrasion resistant impact resistant polymeric coating that seals the below grade interior space defined between the floor and the wall in a seamless water-tight configuration.

The present invention is directed to below grade fluid containment structures, which may include a foam floor and a foam wall extending upward from the floor, the foam wall being formed from foam panels. A granular material is provided for reducing hydraulic soil pressure against an exterior face of the foam wall that would otherwise be exerted by the soil, if the soil were allowed to be positioned up against the foam, particularly the foam wall. The well-draining granular material may be gravel, crushed stone, or the like, which provides better drainage as compared to the surrounding soil material. The interior face of the foam is coated with an elastomeric abrasion resistant impact resistant polymeric coating that seals the below grade interior space defined between the floor and the wall in a seamless water-tight configuration.

A sediment capping system is adapted to create, and distribute, a homogenized mixture of capping material. Where distributing the capping material, the system is configured to militate against the capping material forming clumps of a size and weight that would disturb the sediment on a bottom of a body of water. This in turn militates against the sediment being disturbed, and a disturbing of pollutants and toxins into the water surrounding the sediment. The sediment capping system militates against the clumping of capping material through a vibrating spreader and baffle system, producing a sediment cap with a more consistent depth that will minimally disturb the sediment on the floor of the body of water where the sediment cap is being deposited.

Disclosed is a non-powered seawater pumping apparatus for reducing seawater intrusion in a land in which an aquifer with a seawater-fresh water boundary surface is formed. The seawater pumping apparatus includes a pumping pipe having two open end portions, a first end portion of the open end portions being positioned below a sea level and a second end portion being positioned below the seawater-fresh water boundary surface in the land, and a well disposed to surround a lateral surface of a land-buried portion of the pumping pipe, which is buried in the land, so as to space away the land-buried portion of the pumping pipe from the land. The pumping pipe is filled with seawater, and the well comprises a screen having a plurality of through holes formed along a circumference of the well at a lower end portion of the well.

Disclosed is a non-powered seawater pumping apparatus for reducing seawater intrusion in a land in which an aquifer with a seawater-fresh water boundary surface is formed. The seawater pumping apparatus includes a pumping pipe having two open end portions, a first end portion of the open end portions being positioned below a sea level and a second end portion being positioned below the seawater-fresh water boundary surface in the land, and a well disposed to surround a lateral surface of a land-buried portion of the pumping pipe, which is buried in the land, so as to space away the land-buried portion of the pumping pipe from the land. The pumping pipe is filled with seawater, and the well comprises a screen having a plurality of through holes formed along a circumference of the well at a lower end portion of the well.

A method of designing an optimized seawater pumping apparatus, using a computer in a system in which a seawater pumping apparatus including a pumping pipe and a well disposed to surround a lateral surface of a land-buried portion of the pumping pipe is installed to reduce seawater intrusion in a land in which an aquifer with a seawater-fresh water boundary surface is formed, includes applying an optimization algorithm to initial condition data of the aquifer to generate n decision variable sets of the seawater pumping apparatus, applying an underground water flow model to each of the n decision variable sets to generate n prediction results of change in the seawater-fresh water boundary surface, calculating a performance evaluation value of each of the n prediction results, and selecting a decision variable set having a maximum performance evaluation value, where n is an integer and equal to or greater than 2.

A method of designing an optimized seawater pumping apparatus, using a computer in a system in which a seawater pumping apparatus including a pumping pipe and a well disposed to surround a lateral surface of a land-buried portion of the pumping pipe is installed to reduce seawater intrusion in a land in which an aquifer with a seawater-fresh water boundary surface is formed, includes applying an optimization algorithm to initial condition data of the aquifer to generate n decision variable sets of the seawater pumping apparatus, applying an underground water flow model to each of the n decision variable sets to generate n prediction results of change in the seawater-fresh water boundary surface, calculating a performance evaluation value of each of the n prediction results, and selecting a decision variable set having a maximum performance evaluation value, where n is an integer and equal to or greater than 2.

A shark barrier that comprises an anchoring assembly having a pair of anchors (9) with a flexible connecting element (11) extending between the anchors. The shark barriers also includes multiple spaced apart buoyant resiliently flexible elongate members (15) that are secured at one end along a length of the connecting element of the anchoring assembly to operatively extend generally upwardly from the connecting element. The buoyant members comprise an elongate flexible spine (32) that extends through a series of tubular members (38).

The present disclosure describes a groundwater management and redistribution system, the system comprising a groundwater source at a first elevation; an inlet line fluidly connecting the groundwater source to a central offsite management and redistribution plant; an outlet line fluidly connecting the management plant to a redistribution tank, wherein the redistribution tank is located at a second elevation; at least one monitoring unit at or adjacent to the redistribution tank and configured to detect and monitor a water table level at the second elevation, wherein the at least one monitoring unit is in communication with the plant and/or the redistribution tank; and a distribution line fluidly connecting the redistribution tank to a distribution area located at the second elevation. Methods of redistributing groundwater and/or treated wastewater to adjust water table levels are also provided.