Golden bronze appearance article, multiple-layer substrate, related methods and uses thereof, particularly for coinage blanks. Methods of producing an article having a golden bronze appearance include annealing a multiple-layer substrate at an annealing temperature for an annealing residence time. The multiple-layer substrate includes a core, contiguous to a copper layer and subsequent tin layer. The annealing temperature and annealing residence time are controlled in accordance with each other for allowing diffusion of the tin layer into the copper layer and producing an annealed substrate comprising an inter-diffused outer bronze layer having a golden appearance. The tin layer thickness is in accordance to the copper layer thickness such that the inter-diffused outer bronze layer has a tin content between about 8% wt. and about 15.8% wt. The core has a sufficiently low content of nickel to reduce or prevent formation of intermetallic compound comprising tin and nickel proximate to the core during annealing.

Golden bronze appearance article, multiple-layer substrate, related methods and uses thereof, particularly for coinage blanks. Methods of producing an article having a golden bronze appearance include annealing a multiple-layer substrate at an annealing temperature for an annealing residence time. The multiple-layer substrate includes a core, contiguous to a copper layer and subsequent tin layer. The annealing temperature and annealing residence time are controlled in accordance with each other for allowing diffusion of the tin layer into the copper layer and producing an annealed substrate comprising an inter-diffused outer bronze layer having a golden appearance. The tin layer thickness is in accordance to the copper layer thickness such that the inter-diffused outer bronze layer has a tin content between about 8% wt. and about 15.8% wt. The core has a sufficiently low content of nickel to reduce or prevent formation of intermetallic compound comprising tin and nickel proximate to the core during annealing.

An inspection system of a chip includes a reading device and a determining unit. The reading device is configured to count a number of chips stored in a storage case, the chips associated with a table game and including a chip having a radio tag, read the radio tag while the chips are stored in the storage case, and acquire chip information. The determining unit is configured to compare the chip information of the chips in the storage case with a physical number of the chips in the storage case, determine that there is an abnormal chips among the chips stored in the storage case based on a determination that the counted number of the chips does not match a physical number of the chips in the storage case, and output a result associated with an indication of the abnormal chip.

An inspection system of a chip includes a reading device and a determining unit. The reading device is configured to count a number of chips stored in a storage case, the chips associated with a table game and including a chip having a radio tag, read the radio tag while the chips are stored in the storage case, and acquire chip information. The determining unit is configured to compare the chip information of the chips in the storage case with a physical number of the chips in the storage case, determine that there is an abnormal chips among the chips stored in the storage case based on a determination that the counted number of the chips does not match a physical number of the chips in the storage case, and output a result associated with an indication of the abnormal chip.

The metal alloy is a possible replacement for/alternative to cupronickel cladding material used on currently-circulating clad coins. In the preferred embodiment, the (steel) metal alloy cladding material comprises 73-77% iron, 22-26% nickel, 0.2-0.5% carbon, and 1-5% manganese. The cladding material has an International Annealed Copper Standard (IACS) conductivity of less than 2%, a permeability of approximately 1.0-1.1, and a hardness value of 50-70 HRC 15 T (Rockwell Hardness). In alternative embodiments, the steel alloy comprises a monolithic coin or a core that may be plated with other metals.

The metal alloy is a possible replacement for/alternative to cupronickel cladding material used on currently-circulating clad coins. In the preferred embodiment, the (steel) metal alloy cladding material comprises 73-77% iron, 22-26% nickel, 0.2-0.5% carbon, and 1-5% manganese. The cladding material has an International Annealed Copper Standard (IACS) conductivity of less than 2%, a permeability of approximately 1.0-1.1, and a hardness value of 50-70 HRC 15 T (Rockwell Hardness). In alternative embodiments, the steel alloy comprises a monolithic coin or a core that may be plated with other metals.

A management system includes a recording device recording an image of a gaming chip and an inspection device determining a type and authenticity of the gaming chip. The gaming chip has a multilayer structure in which both sides of a colored layer are sandwiched between light color layers, surface printing representing a type of the gaming chip is performed on outer sides of the light color layers, and an authenticity recognition mark is printed on the colored layer of an inside of the light color layers by an infrared absorbing material. A visible light camera photographs a visible light image of the surface printing, and an infrared light camera photographs an infrared image of the internal printing. The inspection device determines the type and authenticity of the gaming chip using the visible light image and the infrared image.

A management system includes a recording device recording an image of a gaming chip and an inspection device determining a type and authenticity of the gaming chip. The gaming chip has a multilayer structure in which both sides of a colored layer are sandwiched between light color layers, surface printing representing a type of the gaming chip is performed on outer sides of the light color layers, and an authenticity recognition mark is printed on the colored layer of an inside of the light color layers by an infrared absorbing material. A visible light camera photographs a visible light image of the surface printing, and an infrared light camera photographs an infrared image of the internal printing. The inspection device determines the type and authenticity of the gaming chip using the visible light image and the infrared image.

A management system includes a recording device recording an image of a gaming chip and an inspection device determining a type and authenticity of the gaming chip. The gaming chip has a multilayer structure in which both sides of a colored layer are sandwiched between light color layers, surface printing representing a type of the gaming chip is performed on outer sides of the light color layers, and an authenticity recognition mark is printed on the colored layer of an inside of the light color layers by an infrared absorbing material. A visible light camera photographs a visible light image of the surface printing, and an infrared light camera photographs an infrared image of the internal printing. The inspection device determines the type and authenticity of the gaming chip using the visible light image and the infrared image.

A coin for use in games of chance includes a first side connectable to a second side and forming a coin interior when the first side is connected to the second side. A ball held in place in the coin interior, which interior includes a plurality of ridges and valleys with sloped surfaces for biasing a ball toward a periphery, which may include pockets, of the coin when the coin is flipped or rolled. Each pocket may be next to a viewing window, allowing the ball within the pocket to be viewed from the exterior of the coin.