A roofing system includes a roofing membrane. The roofing membrane has a surface energy of 40 mN/m or less. The roofing system includes a roofing substrate. The roofing system includes an adhesive disposed between the roofing membrane and the roofing substrate. The adhesive includes a styrenic block copolymer. The styrenic block copolymer is present in an amount of 0.5 wt. % to 30 wt. % based on a total weight of the adhesive. The adhesive includes asphalt. The asphalt is present in an amount of 70 wt. % to 99.5 wt. % based on the total weight of the adhesive. A ratio of the styrenic block copolymer to the asphalt in the adhesive is 1:11 to 1:3.

A multilayer composite containing a polymeric membrane, a hot-melt adhesive layer A, a hot-melt adhesive layer B; and a release liner, wherein the hot-melt adhesive layer A comprises a non-ultraviolet (UV) curable pressure-sensitive adhesive; wherein the hot-melt adhesive layer B comprises a ultraviolet (UV) curable pressure-sensitive adhesive that is at least partially cured; wherein the hot-melt adhesive layer A has a thickness of from 25 to 250 ?m, and wherein the hot-melt adhesive layer B has a thickness of from 50 to 250 ?m. The invention further relates to a process to make the composite and to use the composite as a roofing material.

Herein disclosed is an asphalt roofing shingle, adapted to be laid up in courses on a roof, comprising an upper headlap portion, a lower tab portion, vertically spaced apart upper and lower edges, laterally spaced apart right and left edges and top and bottom surfaces. The bottom surface is configured to be laid up on a roof facing the roof and the tab portion of the top surface is configured to be substantially weather-exposed when laid up on a roof. The upper headlap portion is configured to be substantially covered by the tab portion of roofing elements in a next-overlying course of roofing elements when laid up on a roof. The upper headlap portion further comprises a plurality of parallel, evenly laterally spaced, first markings, the first markings being useful, at least, for aligning adjacent shingles, cutting books of shingles, forming starter shingles from full shingles and forming a grid of shingles without external measuring devices.

Herein disclosed is an asphalt roofing shingle, adapted to be laid up in courses on a roof, comprising an upper headlap portion, a lower tab portion, vertically spaced apart upper and lower edges, laterally spaced apart right and left edges and top and bottom surfaces. The bottom surface is configured to be laid up on a roof facing the roof and the tab portion of the top surface is configured to be substantially weather-exposed when laid up on a roof. The upper headlap portion is configured to be substantially covered by the tab portion of roofing elements in a next-overlying course of roofing elements when laid up on a roof. The upper headlap portion further comprises a plurality of parallel, evenly laterally spaced, first markings, the first markings being useful, at least, for aligning adjacent shingles, cutting books of shingles, forming starter shingles from full shingles and forming a grid of shingles without external measuring devices.

A device for anchoring at least one fastening element in a laminate structure having at least two layers comprises a fastening element, and a carrier assembly on which the fastening element is mounted. The carrier assembly is designed with a protruding rib structure which radially outwardly surrounds the fastening element, resulting in a transmission of force into the laminate structure that is conducive to long-term stability of the anchoring.

Solar-reflective roofing granules having deep-tone colors are formed by coating base mineral particles with a coating composition including an infrared-reflective pigment. Color is provided by a colored infrared pigment, a light-interference platelet pigment, or a metal oxide.

A converted reverse ballasted roof system is provided including a structural roof beam. Insulation is positioned upwardly adjacent the structural roof beam, and a first waterproofing membrane is arranged upwardly adjacent the first waterproofing membrane. A weighted cover board is disposed upwardly adjacent the first waterproofing membrane and a second waterproofing membrane is installed upwardly adjacent the weighted cover board. The first water proofing membrane and the second waterproofing membrane substantially seal the weighted cover board.

A converted reverse ballasted roof system is provided including a structural roof beam. Insulation is positioned upwardly adjacent the structural roof beam, and a first waterproofing membrane is arranged upwardly adjacent the first waterproofing membrane. A weighted cover board is disposed upwardly adjacent the first waterproofing membrane and a second waterproofing membrane is installed upwardly adjacent the weighted cover board. The first water proofing membrane and the second waterproofing membrane substantially seal the weighted cover board.

An outdoor shelter and a rail system for the outdoor shelter are disclosed herein. The outdoor shelter includes at least one pair of support post members, each pair of support post members comprising a first support post member being spaced apart from a second support post member; a first guide rail member coupled to the first support post member; a second guide rail member coupled to the second support post member; and a shade support pole member slidably coupled to the first and second guide rail members, the shade support pole member being coupled to an end portion of a shade member of the outdoor shelter, and the shade support pole member configured to be slidably displaced along the lengths of the first and second guide rail members so as to allow an amount by which the shade member overhangs a side of the outdoor shelter to be user-adjusted.

An outdoor shelter and a rail system for the outdoor shelter are disclosed herein. The outdoor shelter includes at least one pair of support post members, each pair of support post members comprising a first support post member being spaced apart from a second support post member; a first guide rail member coupled to the first support post member; a second guide rail member coupled to the second support post member; and a shade support pole member slidably coupled to the first and second guide rail members, the shade support pole member being coupled to an end portion of a shade member of the outdoor shelter, and the shade support pole member configured to be slidably displaced along the lengths of the first and second guide rail members so as to allow an amount by which the shade member overhangs a side of the outdoor shelter to be user-adjusted.