A tool for cleaning out the lower end of a cased wellbore having an installed production string. The tool is lowered down the production string until it projects from an end of the production string and into the wellbore. High pressure fluid is then sprayed from the tool's fluid openings into nearby portions of the wellbore. Once cleaning operations are complete, the tool is carried back to the ground surface using subterranean fluid pressure.

A tool for cleaning out the lower end of a cased wellbore having an installed production string. The tool is lowered down the production string until it projects from an end of the production string and into the wellbore. High pressure fluid is then sprayed from the tool's fluid openings into nearby portions of the wellbore. Once cleaning operations are complete, the tool is carried back to the ground surface using subterranean fluid pressure.

A modified high density brine for use in subterranean drilling and completion operations. The modified high density brine includes a heavy brine and the addition of high density particles. The resultant modified high density brine eliminates the need for toxic, corrosive, and costly ZrBr.sub.2 or cesium formate additions or other ionic additives to boost the density of the modified high density brine to more than 14 lbs./gallon.

A modified high density brine for use in subterranean drilling and completion operations. The modified high density brine includes a heavy brine and the addition of high density particles. The resultant modified high density brine eliminates the need for toxic, corrosive, and costly ZrBr.sub.2 or cesium formate additions or other ionic additives to boost the density of the modified high density brine to more than 14 lbs./gallon.

A lubricity tester unit may comprise a housing, a shaft, wherein a first end of the shaft is disposed at a first end of the housing, wherein the shaft extends through housing along a central axis of the housing, and an encoder, wherein the encoder is disposed on an internal wall of the housing, wherein the shaft is disposed through a hole in the encoder, wherein the encoder is an optical encoder configured to measure angular position of the shaft. The lubricity tester unit may further comprise rotating rings, wherein the rotating rings are coupled to a second end of the shaft, a friction inducing surface, wherein the friction inducing surface is disposed around the rotating rings, a first sensor, wherein the first sensor is disposed through the housing, and a second sensor, wherein the second sensor is disposed through the housing.

A lubricity tester unit may comprise a housing, a shaft, wherein a first end of the shaft is disposed at a first end of the housing, wherein the shaft extends through housing along a central axis of the housing, and an encoder, wherein the encoder is disposed on an internal wall of the housing, wherein the shaft is disposed through a hole in the encoder, wherein the encoder is an optical encoder configured to measure angular position of the shaft. The lubricity tester unit may further comprise rotating rings, wherein the rotating rings are coupled to a second end of the shaft, a friction inducing surface, wherein the friction inducing surface is disposed around the rotating rings, a first sensor, wherein the first sensor is disposed through the housing, and a second sensor, wherein the second sensor is disposed through the housing.

A gel material for oil and gas conformance control operations is provided. The gel material includes a plurality of gel material components including polyacrylamide, triamine silica, and nanosilica which are added in suitable amounts to form the gel material under a gel formation condition. The present technology replaces and/or supplements conventional crosslinkers and provides enhanced polymeric gels, such as, for oil and gas field applications including wellbore strengthening, loss circulation materials, and water shut-off applications, at high temperatures. The present technology is compatible with fresh and high salinity water.

A downhole wellbore planner builds a fracture model of a wellbore using fracture data identified from geological information. Using the fracture model and a target wellbore location at the formation, the wellbore planner may identify or select one or more lost circulation materials (LCMs). The drilling operator may then procure the LCMs before drilling the wellbore. In this manner, the impact of a lost circulation event may be reduced by having the LCMs on site or nearby.

An additive composition includes a rheology modifier selected from alcohol ethoxylates, amine ethoxylates, or ethylene oxide/propylene oxide copolymers, wherein the rheology modifier has an HLB ranging from about 4 to 10; and a winterizing agent that is at least one aliphatic non-ionic surfactant that has a branched structure and/or includes at least one unsaturation, wherein the winterizing agent has an HLB value between about 8 and 10.5.

An additive composition includes a rheology modifier selected from alcohol ethoxylates, amine ethoxylates, or ethylene oxide/propylene oxide copolymers, wherein the rheology modifier has an HLB ranging from about 4 to 10; and a winterizing agent that is at least one aliphatic non-ionic surfactant that has a branched structure and/or includes at least one unsaturation, wherein the winterizing agent has an HLB value between about 8 and 10.5.