An integrated jacking pipe comprising a concrete jacking envelope integrally-formed with and encircling a metal pipe, wherein said metal pipe comprises a spigot protruding from said concrete jacking envelope and a bell whose diameter is larger than a diameter of said spigot.

The invention relates to a device for the automated picking up and placing of a segment forming the lining of a tunnel, intended to be coupled to a tunnel-boring machine (1) provided with a segment erector (2), comprising: a controller designed to communicate with an automated system of the tunnel boring machine, suitable for controlling the actuation of the erector; and a three-dimensional vision system comprising at least four laser profilometers; the controller is designed to receive a segment positioning plan and to determine, from the analysis data of the three-dimensional vision system, the measurement data of the erector sensors and the segment positioning plan, an erector trajectory for positioning the segment (V) to be placed in alignment with a segment and/or ring (A) of segments already placed, and to communicate movement commands to the automated system of the tunnel boring machine, for actuating the erector to pick up the segment to be placed and move it according to the above trajectory.

The present invention relates to a tunneling method, and particularly, to a tunneling method by installing an internal pre-support member and a corresponding post support member in an alternate manner or by installing an external pre-support member and a corresponding post support member in an alternate manner, and an apparatus, respectively, therefor. The tunneling method includes: excavating a pilot tunnel in a main tunnel to be constructed; radially forming a drilled hole from an excavation surface of the pilot tunnel to a tip end of the pre-support member of the main tunnel at a plurality of locations in the pilot tunnel to install the pre-support member; inserting the pre-support member into the drilled hole, and conducting grouting and performing curing to fix the pre-support member; excavating the tunnel in stages in a longitudinal direction along an excavation line of the main tunnel and primarily spraying shotcrete to an excavation surface of the main tunnel in the main tunnel; installing a post-support member between a plurality of the pre-support members on the main tunnel surface to which the shotcrete is primarily sprayed; and connecting the pre-support member and the post-support member with a plate type support member.

The present invention relates to a tunneling method, and particularly, to a tunneling method by installing an internal pre-support member and a corresponding post support member in an alternate manner or by installing an external pre-support member and a corresponding post support member in an alternate manner, and an apparatus, respectively, therefor. The tunneling method includes: excavating a pilot tunnel in a main tunnel to be constructed; radially forming a drilled hole from an excavation surface of the pilot tunnel to a tip end of the pre-support member of the main tunnel at a plurality of locations in the pilot tunnel to install the pre-support member; inserting the pre-support member into the drilled hole, and conducting grouting and performing curing to fix the pre-support member; excavating the tunnel in stages in a longitudinal direction along an excavation line of the main tunnel and primarily spraying shotcrete to an excavation surface of the main tunnel in the main tunnel; installing a post-support member between a plurality of the pre-support members on the main tunnel surface to which the shotcrete is primarily sprayed; and connecting the pre-support member and the post-support member with a plate type support member.

A method and apparatus for forming a tunnel structure at a relatively shallow depth from the surface, which tunnel can be used as a replacement or additional transport route to an existing transport route (2) which is already formed on the surface. The method comprises the steps of forming two spaced apart access tunnels (hatched portion) to expose the tracks, introducing units (22) comprising side walls portions (26, 28) and a roof section (30) by moving the units along the tracks while excavating the soil in which the tunnel is to be formed is in advance of the leading edge of the units.

Automatic scanning and representing an environment with collision avoidance includes, for example, obtaining a first representation of the environment using a first scanning path, determining a second scanning path based on the first representation of the environment operable to avoid contact with the environment when obtaining a second representation of the environment, obtaining the second representation of the environment based on the second scanning path, and wherein the second representation of the environment is different from the first representation of the environment. The method may be employed in imaging and/or representing a rock wall having a plurality of spaced-apart holes for receiving charges for mining.

The present disclosure relates to an apparatus and method for controlling detonator blasting based on a danger radius, the apparatus including a danger radius setting unit that sets a danger radius for a detonator or a communication module, a blasting area setting unit that sets a blasting area in which a preset danger radius is reflected in a location value input during registration of the detonator or the communication module, an equipment location determination unit that determines a location of equipment possessed by an operator, and a blasting start control unit that controls so that blasting of the detonator is allowed only when the equipment is not located within the set blasting area as a result of the determination.

Combination of an open and a hidden excavation for constructing a vertical orthogonal top exhausting air duct structure of a deeply-buried subway station is provided. Four horizontal air ducts: left and right piston air ducts, an exhaust air duct, and a fresh air duct are thrown out of the underground, respectively, leading to left and right piston air shafts, an exhaust air shaft, a fresh air shaft, and an entrance/exit of fire-fighting. The fourth underground floor is communicated with the hall floor of the station main body, and the fifth underground floor is communicated with the running tunnel and the platform floor of the station main body. During operation, the train will enter and exit the station through the fifth underground floor of the air duct, and the piston air and heat will enter the four transverse air ducts through the air duct main body.

Combination of an open and a hidden excavation for constructing a vertical orthogonal top exhausting air duct structure of a deeply-buried subway station is provided. Four horizontal air ducts: left and right piston air ducts, an exhaust air duct, and a fresh air duct are thrown out of the underground, respectively, leading to left and right piston air shafts, an exhaust air shaft, a fresh air shaft, and an entrance/exit of fire-fighting. The fourth underground floor is communicated with the hall floor of the station main body, and the fifth underground floor is communicated with the running tunnel and the platform floor of the station main body. During operation, the train will enter and exit the station through the fifth underground floor of the air duct, and the piston air and heat will enter the four transverse air ducts through the air duct main body.

A coal uncovering construction method for blasting large cross-section gas tunnels includes: analyzing stress distribution characteristics in front of a tunnel boring working face, and then determining a thickness calculation model of a reserved rock wall based on a limit equilibrium theory; establishing a tunnel model, simulating a construction condition and analyzing a construction result, and determining a thickness of the reserved rock wall; and fixing a detonator through a fixed sand ring, fitting the detonator with a construction hole by adjusting an adjustable protective plate, then embedding the detonator into a blast hole, and blasting the detonator for tunnel construction. Furthermore, an extension ring is fixed between the fixed sand ring and the adjustable protective plate.