A tunnel defect detection and management system based on a vibration signal of a moving train. This system identifies the defects in a subway tunnel structure and soil behind a wall through the acquisition, transmission and analysis of an on-board acceleration signal. A signal acquisition sensor is mounted on the moving train. A signal acquisition module and a signal transmission system are mounted in the train to preprocess and compress the signal. A data processing and analysis server performs data analysis to quickly identify the defects of the tunnel and the auxiliary structure thereof, and determine a defect location and type. A tunnel management platform releases real-time detection information and health status of the tunnel, alarms for the defects, and releases the defect data to relevant personnel to take measures.

A tunnel defect detection and management system based on a vibration signal of a moving train. This system identifies the defects in a subway tunnel structure and soil behind a wall through the acquisition, transmission and analysis of an on-board acceleration signal. A signal acquisition sensor is mounted on the moving train. A signal acquisition module and a signal transmission system are mounted in the train to preprocess and compress the signal. A data processing and analysis server performs data analysis to quickly identify the defects of the tunnel and the auxiliary structure thereof, and determine a defect location and type. A tunnel management platform releases real-time detection information and health status of the tunnel, alarms for the defects, and releases the defect data to relevant personnel to take measures.

An apparatus and method powered by compressed fluid, which preferably provides both air conditioning and power generation. The apparatus includes a fluid conduit of substantially elongate form (51), a helical accelerator (80), a substantially elongate distributor body (53) associated with said accelerator (80), wherein at least part of said distributor body (53) is positioned substantially coplanar to said fluid conduit (51), and a TEG device (55), positioned intermediate said fluid conduit (51) and said distributor body (53). In use, a compressed fluid (70) is supplied to an inlet (60) of said helical accelerator (80). The accelerator (80) causes the fluid (70) to form a vortex inside said distributor body (53) and thereby produce a hot fluid stream (71) and a cold fluid stream (72). The hot fluid stream (71) is directed to flow adjacent to a wall of said distributor (53) to thereby heat said distributor wall. The cold fluid stream (72) is at least partly directed to flow via said accelerator (80) to cool said fluid conduit (51), and, to cool a surrounding environment. A temperature differential is thereby created between said distributor wall and said conduit (51), to generate power in the TEG device (55).

An apparatus and method powered by compressed fluid, which preferably provides both air conditioning and power generation. The apparatus includes a fluid conduit of substantially elongate form (51), a helical accelerator (80), a substantially elongate distributor body (53) associated with said accelerator (80), wherein at least part of said distributor body (53) is positioned substantially coplanar to said fluid conduit (51), and a TEG device (55), positioned intermediate said fluid conduit (51) and said distributor body (53). In use, a compressed fluid (70) is supplied to an inlet (60) of said helical accelerator (80). The accelerator (80) causes the fluid (70) to form a vortex inside said distributor body (53) and thereby produce a hot fluid stream (71) and a cold fluid stream (72). The hot fluid stream (71) is directed to flow adjacent to a wall of said distributor (53) to thereby heat said distributor wall. The cold fluid stream (72) is at least partly directed to flow via said accelerator (80) to cool said fluid conduit (51), and, to cool a surrounding environment. A temperature differential is thereby created between said distributor wall and said conduit (51), to generate power in the TEG device (55).

The invention discloses an ultra-long tunnel sewage disposal, separation and drainage structure suitable for cold regions, comprising: a tunnel portal section drainage structure and a tunnel body section drainage structure and an out-tunnel clear water ditch, an out-tunnel deep-buried ditch, an out-tunnel sewage ditch and a clear water tank; the tunnel portal section drainage structure comprises a central ditch and a side sewage ditch A, the central ditch is deeply buried in the position, lower than the freezing depth, of a tunnel portal section of the main tunnel, and the side sewage ditches A are arranged on both sides of the tunnel portal section of the main tunnel; the tunnel body section drainage structure comprises a side clear water ditch and a side sewage ditch B, and the side clear water ditch and the side sewage ditch B are arranged on both sides of the tunnel body section of the main tunnel. The structure has the advantages that separation and discharge treatment of clear water and sewage during tunnel construction and operation is realized, and high environmental requirements are met; the tunnel portal section and the tunnel body section are separately provided with a drainage structure, the heat preservation requirement of drainage in cold regions is met, and underground water can be effectively prevented from seeping into the tunnel to cause freezing disasters; the drainage capacity of the main tunnel is enhanced through assistance of the service tunnel, and super-large water drainage of the ultra-long tunnel is achieved.

The invention discloses an ultra-long tunnel sewage disposal, separation and drainage structure suitable for cold regions, comprising: a tunnel portal section drainage structure and a tunnel body section drainage structure and an out-tunnel clear water ditch, an out-tunnel deep-buried ditch, an out-tunnel sewage ditch and a clear water tank; the tunnel portal section drainage structure comprises a central ditch and a side sewage ditch A, the central ditch is deeply buried in the position, lower than the freezing depth, of a tunnel portal section of the main tunnel, and the side sewage ditches A are arranged on both sides of the tunnel portal section of the main tunnel; the tunnel body section drainage structure comprises a side clear water ditch and a side sewage ditch B, and the side clear water ditch and the side sewage ditch B are arranged on both sides of the tunnel body section of the main tunnel. The structure has the advantages that separation and discharge treatment of clear water and sewage during tunnel construction and operation is realized, and high environmental requirements are met; the tunnel portal section and the tunnel body section are separately provided with a drainage structure, the heat preservation requirement of drainage in cold regions is met, and underground water can be effectively prevented from seeping into the tunnel to cause freezing disasters; the drainage capacity of the main tunnel is enhanced through assistance of the service tunnel, and super-large water drainage of the ultra-long tunnel is achieved.

A method for monitoring large deformation of a surrounding rock of a tunnel based on an automatic targeting and ranging system includes: acquiring, by a camera module, a target monitoring image; identifying a center image position in the target monitoring image; performing, by a laser ranging module, an automatic targeting and ranging task according to the center image position; and calculating a deformation offset of each target of left wall targets, right wall targets and a vault target based on an automatic targeting and ranging result corresponding to the target. The method solves the problem that a laser ranging device fails to measure a target at a fixed angle and obtains a real and accurate deformation offset thereby greatly improving the reliability of the large deformation monitoring result of the surrounding rock of the tunnel.

A method for monitoring large deformation of a surrounding rock of a tunnel based on an automatic targeting and ranging system includes: acquiring, by a camera module, a target monitoring image; identifying a center image position in the target monitoring image; performing, by a laser ranging module, an automatic targeting and ranging task according to the center image position; and calculating a deformation offset of each target of left wall targets, right wall targets and a vault target based on an automatic targeting and ranging result corresponding to the target. The method solves the problem that a laser ranging device fails to measure a target at a fixed angle and obtains a real and accurate deformation offset thereby greatly improving the reliability of the large deformation monitoring result of the surrounding rock of the tunnel.

Described herein are new methods and systems for profiling tunnels. A method comprises moving a shuttle within a shuttle track extending between a boring apparatus (inside a tunnel) and a base station (outside the tunnel). The shuttle is equipped with a movement sensor, which records various movement parameters (e.g., linear and/or angular accelerations) while the shuttle moves within the shuttle track. These movement parameters are then transferred to a tunnel profiler (e.g., a base station) and the profile of the tunnel is determined based on these movement parameters. For example, a shuttle track can be a flexible tube (e.g., continuous or segmented) with the shuttle positioned within the tube. The shuttle can be removed from the tube or remain in the tube while the movement parameters are transferred and, in some examples, while the shuttle is recharged.

Described herein are new methods and systems for profiling tunnels. A method comprises moving a shuttle within a shuttle track extending between a boring apparatus (inside a tunnel) and a base station (outside the tunnel). The shuttle is equipped with a movement sensor, which records various movement parameters (e.g., linear and/or angular accelerations) while the shuttle moves within the shuttle track. These movement parameters are then transferred to a tunnel profiler (e.g., a base station) and the profile of the tunnel is determined based on these movement parameters. For example, a shuttle track can be a flexible tube (e.g., continuous or segmented) with the shuttle positioned within the tube. The shuttle can be removed from the tube or remain in the tube while the movement parameters are transferred and, in some examples, while the shuttle is recharged.