A rotary valve seal for a coolant control valve is provided that offers improved sealing with a rotary valve body. The rotary valve seal includes a central axis, a cylindrical seal body, and a seal skeleton. The cylindrical seal body has a first stiffness and a first end that is configured with a radially outwardly extending flange. The seal skeleton, having a second stiffness and embedded within the cylindrical seal body, has a plurality of fingers circumferentially arranged within the flange. The second stiffness can be greater than the first stiffness. The plurality of fingers and flange can define alternating stiffness zones. The first end of the seal body and the flange define a bottom surface configured for sealing engagement with a rotary valve body. The rotary valve body can be shaped in the form of at least one spherical segment.

A method of predicting vehicle engine torque using an artificial neural network is provided. A data-based artificial neural network model is applied to more accurately calculate torque and reduce development costs for calibration and logics.

A rocker arm assembly comprises a valve side rocker arm portion, a cam side rocker arm portion configured to selectively rotate relative to the valve side rocker arm portion, and a latch pin assembly disposed in the valve side rocker arm portion and in the cam side rocker arm portion. Portions of the latch pin assembly are configured to move so that when the cam side rocker arm portion selectively rotates, the valve side rocker arm portion switches among a full lift mode, a partial lift mode, and a lost motion lift mode.

A valvetrain assembly comprises a valve bridge, a capsule, a first rocker arm, and a second rocker arm. The valve bridge comprises an upper surface comprising a central pressure point and an offset pressure point and a lower surface comprising a lower pivot point, a first valve interface, and a second valve interface. The capsule can be connected to the lower pivot point, the capsule configured to provide to the pair of engine valves one or both of a lash adjusting function and a deactivating mode. The first rocker arm is configured to actuate against the central pressure point to transfer a first valve lift mode to the valve bridge. The second rocker arm is configured to actuate against the offset pressure point to transfer a second valve lift mode to the valve bridge.

A fully variable valve train with a rotary plunger for an internal combustion engine. A motor actuates a high-pressure oil injection pump; when a timing driven electromagnetic valve connected to an oil inlet is opened, high-pressure oil enters a hydraulic cylinder; and when the force applied to a plunger by the hydraulic oil is larger than the force of a valve returning spring, the plunger is pushed to move down, so that a valve is opened. When the valve is required to be return, the timing driven electromagnetic valve connected to the oil inlet is closed, and the timing driven electromagnetic valve connected to the oil inlet is opened; the valve moves up under the action of the valve spring, pushing the plunger to move up and thereby discharging the low-pressure oil out of the hydraulic cylinder, then the plunger and the valve return to the initial positions.

In an internal combustion engine, a linkage is provided between an auxiliary motion source and a main motion load path, such that motions received by the linkage from the auxiliary motion source result in provision of a first force to at least one engine valve and a second force to the main motion load path in a direction toward a main motion source. Where an automatic lash adjuster is associated with the main motion load path, the second force may be selected to aid in the control of lash adjustments made by the automatic lash adjuster. In various embodiments, the linkage may be embodied in an mechanical linkage, whereas in other embodiments, an hydraulic linkage may be employed. The linkage may be incorporated into, or otherwise cooperate, a valve bridge or a rocker arm.

A rocker arm can comprise a cam arm, a valve arm, a lost motion spring, and a pair of deactivatable latches configured to impede travel of the cam arm with respect to the lost motion spring and configured to enable the cam arm to collapse the lost motion spring. The cam arm can comprise a cam interface, a spring pressing area, a cam arm body, and a pivot axle connection. The valve arm can comprise a valve arm body, a rocker shaft bore, a latch socket, and lost motion spring mount. A pivot axle can connect the valve arm body to the cam arm body. Alternatively, a latch socket in a valve arm neck comprises a latch assembly whereby a deactivatable latch is configured to impede motion of the cam arm and to collapse so the cam arm can collapse the lost motion spring.

A method of two-step variable valve lift (VVL) malfunction avoidance learning control may include: in a two-step VVL system which is operated with a main lift and a secondary lift, verifying, by an electronic control unit (ECU), an operation avoidance area based on locking of a lock pin of a cam follower ; performing VVL operation learning, in which a failure of occurrence of the second lift is determined on the basis of a locking failure of the cam follower due to an initially set value of the operation avoidance area; and reflecting the operation avoidance area to the two-step VVL system with a corrected set value which is obtained through the VVL operation learning.

A continuous variable valve duration apparatus includes a cam unit, a cam formed on the cam unit, a camshaft inserted into the cam, a guide bracket, a guide shaft mounted on the guide bracket and disposed perpendicular to the camshaft, wherein a guide screw thread is formed on the guide shaft, a wheel housing disposed within the guide bracket, an inner wheel rotatably inserted into the wheel housing and movable perpendicular to the camshaft, a worm wheel disposed within the wheel housing, wherein an inner screw thread configured to engage with the guide screw thread is formed inside the worm wheel and an outer screw thread is formed on the worm wheel, a control shaft, a control worm formed on the control shaft, and a wheel elastic portion mounted to the wheel housing.

A valve actuation device for actuating a first and second gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine. A tilting lever is pivotable between a first starting position and a first actuation position and a valve bridge is movable between a second starting position and a second actuation position. A coupling device is switchable between a locking state, in which the valve bridge is movable out of the second starting position into the second actuation position via the coupling device by the tilting lever, and an unlocking state, in which, despite a movement of the tilting lever out of the first starting position into the first actuation position, there is no movement of the valve bridge out of the second starting position into the second actuation position. The coupling device is held on the tilting lever such that the coupling device is pivotable with the tilting lever.