An exhaust pulse balance chamber comprising a circular collar, mid-section that bulges at its center, skirt, and right and left legs, all of which are sealed to the exterior environment and in fluid communication with one another. The outer diameter of the skirt increases in width but not in depth from the proximal end of the skirt to the distal end of the skirt, which is configured to receive the right and left legs. Each leg is bent at a 30-degree angle relative to the central longitudinal axis of the exhaust pulse balance chamber. The invention includes a method of using the exhaust pulse balance chamber to convert a vehicle from a dual-in, single-out exhaust system to a dual-in, dual-out exhaust system.

An SCR after-treatment system for a locomotive engine includes an enclosure defining an exhaust flow path from an inlet to an outlet, the inlet being flexibly connected to an exhaust outlet of the engine, an injector located in the inlet and configured to provide an aerosolized reductant into the exhaust flow path, a mixing tube extending from the inlet into the enclosure towards a back wall of the enclosure; a plurality of catalyst cells extending parallel to the mixing tube; the exhaust flow path traveling through the plurality of catalyst cells between the mixing tube and the outlet, and a side channel located between the mixing tube and the plurality of catalyst cells. The enclosure is configured to create low back pressure and an even distribution of the exhaust flow path across the plurality of catalyst cells.

Provided are an article having inorganic fibers and needle marks extending in the thickness direction and including vertical bundles composed of the inorganic fibers extending in the thickness direction.

An exhaust manifold comprises a plurality of exhaust intake conduits structured to be fluidly coupled to an engine and receive exhaust gas from a corresponding cylinder of the engine. At least one exhaust intake conduit provides a reduction in an exhaust intake conduit cross-sectional area from an inlet to an outlet. A plurality of bends are each defined by a respective one of the exhaust intake conduit outlets. An exhaust intake manifold is fluidly coupled to the exhaust intake manifold and defines an exhaust intake manifold flow axis. Each of the plurality of bends is shaped so as to define an angle of approach of exhaust gas flowing therethrough. A first angle of approach of the first bend relative to the exhaust intake manifold flow axis is smaller than a second angle of approach of an inner second bend.

A heating device for an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine and having: a tubular body, where a combustion chamber is obtained on the inside; a fuel injector, which is designed to inject fuel into the combustion chamber; at least one inlet opening, which can be connected to a fan so as to receive an air flow, which is directed to the combustion chamber; a feeding channel, which receives air from the inlet opening, surrounds an end portion of the fuel injector and ends with a nozzle, which is arranged around a spray tip of the fuel injector, from which fuel flows out; and a spark plug, which is mounted through a side wall of the tubular body. An axial distance, namely measured along a longitudinal axis of the tubular body, between the spray tip of the fuel injector and a longitudinal axis of the spark plug ranges from 33% to 100% of an inner diameter of the tubular body.

An automotive exhaust aftertreatment system includes a three-way catalyst (TWC) fluidly coupled to an internal combustion engine and a muffler, a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) unit located downstream from the TWC and upstream from the muffler, the SCR unit configured as a NOx catalytic converter and a hydrocarbon (HC) trap, and an electrically heated catalyst (EHC) located downstream from the SCR and upstream from the muffler, the EHC configured as a catalytic converter for the trapped HCs once the HCs are released from the SCR.

Apparatuses and methods for tuning a muffler. An apparatus comprises a housing for a muffler, a first inlet pipe, and a second inlet pipe. The housing includes a coupling chamber. The first inlet pipe has a first set of physical features and carries exhaust to the coupling chamber. The second inlet pipe has a second set of physical features and carries the exhaust to the coupling chamber. The first set of physical features varies from the second set of physical features with respect to at least one physical feature such that a first sound waveform passing through the first inlet pipe and a second sound waveform passing through the second inlet pipe are uniquely tuned to thereby tune an overall sound waveform emitted by the muffler.

Subject of the invention is an exhaust gas purification system for a gasoline engine, comprising in consecutive order the following devices:

a first three-way-catalyst (TWC1), a gasoline particulate filter (GPF) and a second three-way-catalyst (TWC2),

wherein the oxygen storage capacity (OSC) of the GPF is greater than the OSC of the TWC2, wherein the OSC is determined in mg/l of the volume of the device.

The invention also relates to methods in which the system is used and uses of the system.

A catalyst article for treating exhaust gas from a gasoline engine comprising: a substrate comprising an inlet end, an outlet end with an axial length L; a first catalytic region beginning at the inlet end and extending for less than the axial length L, wherein the first catalytic region comprises a first PGM component and a first inorganic oxide; a second catalytic region beginning at the outlet end, wherein the second catalytic region comprises a second PGM component, a second oxygen storage capacity (OSC) material, and a second inorganic oxide; wherein the first catalytic region is substantially free of ceria; and wherein the first PGM component is palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt) or a combination thereof.

The present disclosure provides a muffler system that can effectively reduce exhaust noises. The muffler system includes an exhaust passage and a first muffler. The exhaust passage is configured to allow a flow of an exhaust gas. The first muffler is an expansion chamber muffler and disposed in the exhaust passage. The first muffler is situated upstream of a first position in a flow direction of the exhaust gas. The first position is located away from an upstream end of the exhaust passage by one third of an entire length of the exhaust passage.