A method of predicting the temperature of a resistive heating element in a heating system is provided. The method includes obtaining resistance characteristics of resistive heating elements and compensating for variations in the resistance characteristics over a temperature regime. The resistance characteristics of the resistive heating element include, but are not limited to, inaccuracies in resistance measurements due to strain-induced resistance variations, variations in resistance due to the rate of cooling, shifts in power output due to exposure to temperature, resistance to temperature relationships, non-monotonic resistance to temperature relationships, system measurement errors, and combinations of resistance characteristics. The method includes interpreting and calibrating resistance characteristics based on a priori measurements and in situ measurements.

A fluid flow network for a vehicle includes first and second flow ducts having a common inlet and a common outlet; a flow directing member movable about a first axis and configured to direct flow from the common inlet to at least one of the first and second flow ducts; a flow reactive member configured to detect an imbalance between the flow exiting the first flow duct and the flow exiting the second flow duct; and means for adjusting the position of the flow directing member if an imbalance is detected by the flow reactive member.

An inline reductant filter assembly includes a filter housing, a filter media, and one or more valves. The filter housing is fluidly coupled to an upstream portion of a reductant line and a downstream portion of the reductant line. The filter media is positioned in the filter housing. The one or more valves are selectively movable from a first position to a second position. In the first position, the one or more valves permit fluid to flow along a first fluid flow path from the upstream portion of the reductant line, through the filter media, to the downstream portion of the reductant line. In the second position, the one or more valves prevent fluid from flowing along the first fluid flow path through the filter media.

Disclosed is a turbine bypass for an engine with a driven turbocharger. During engine cold start, or periods of idle or low load engine operation, the bypass can be utilized to direct hot exhaust gasses directly to an exhaust aftertreatment. This provides higher temperatures to the exhaust aftertreatment, increasing the ability to eliminate harmful emissions such as NOx. The driven turbocharger can still provide boost to the engine through supercharging, so that engine torque and power can be maintained while the turbine bypass is in operation.

A snowmobile including: a frame; an engine supported by the frame; an exhaust pipe connected to the engine; and a turbocharger connected to the exhaust pipe. The turbocharger includes a bypass conduit fluidly communicating with the turbocharger housing and including an exhaust inlet fluidly connected to the exhaust pipe; a valve in the bypass conduit for controlling the flow of exhaust gas, and an exhaust collector. The valve is movable between first and second positions, a first flow path passing through the exhaust inlet, through the bypass conduit, and into the exhaust collector, a second flow path passing through the exhaust inlet, through the bypass conduit, through the exhaust turbine, and into the exhaust collector, in the first position, a majority of the exhaust gas flowing along the first flow path and in the second position, a majority of the exhaust gas flowing along the second flow path.

Methods and systems are provided for adjusting operation of a split exhaust engine system based on a total flow of gases through a scavenge exhaust gas recirculation system of the split exhaust engine system. In one example, a method may include setting a cam timing correction based on a difference between a first value and a second value of a flow through an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) passage, the first value determined based on a first parameter set including a cylinder valve overlap area and the second value determined based on a second parameter set not including the cylinder valve overlap area, and operating at least one of an intake cam and an exhaust cam at a corrected timing using the cam timing correction. In this way, the flow through the EGR passage may be adjusted even without active control of a valve coupled in the EGR passage.

Methods and systems are provided for operating a vehicle that includes an exhaust gas heat recovery device having an exhaust heat recovery device valve that may be selectively opened and closed. In one example, a method may include storing heat from exhaust gases in a phase changing material and releasing the stored heat to surroundings of an exhaust heat recovery device valve to reduce a possibility of the exhaust heat recovery device valve sticking.

An internal combustion engine. Exhaust gas is flowable through an exhaust tract. Secondary air is flowable through a secondary air conduit and is introducible into the exhaust tract via the secondary air conduit. A mixture having secondary air introduced into the exhaust tract and fuel components is ignitable in the exhaust tract by an ignition device. Fresh air flowing through a suction tract is introducible into a combustion chamber via the suction tract. The secondary air conduit is fluidically connected to the suction tract at a diversion point where a portion of the fresh air in the suction tract is divertable from the suction tract by the secondary air conduit and is introducible into the exhaust tract as the secondary air. The fuel components that are contained in the exhaust gas, originate from the combustion chamber and reach the exhaust tract uncombusted from the combustion chamber.

Methods and systems are provided for operating a split exhaust engine system that provides blowthrough air and exhaust gas recirculation to an intake passage via a first exhaust manifold and exhaust gas to an exhaust passage via a second exhaust manifold. In one example, each of a first valve positioned in an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) passage, the EGR passage coupled between the intake passage and the first exhaust manifold coupled to a first set of cylinder exhaust valves, and a second valve positioned in a flow passage coupled between the first exhaust manifold and the exhaust passage may be adjusted based on a measured pressure in the first exhaust manifold.

A housing has a heat exchange flow passage which branches from the main exhaust gas flow passage and converges to the main exhaust gas flow passage through the heat exchanger. The valve has a valve pipe constituting the main exhaust gas flow passage in the exhaust pipe and a valve body which rotates to contact a seat part downstream of the valve pipe in an exhaust gas flow direction such that the exhaust gas flows to the heat exchange flow passage. An out port of the heat exchange flow passage which converges to the main exhaust gas flow passage is disposed upstream of a downstream side distal end of the valve pipe in the exhaust gas flow direction, and the downstream side distal end of the valve pipe in the exhaust gas flow direction is disposed upstream of a downstream side distal end of the heat exchanger in the exhaust gas flow direction.