A dosing and mixing arrangement including an exhaust conduit defining a central axis; a mixing conduit positioned within the exhaust conduit; a dispersing arrangement (e.g., a mesh) disposed at the upstream end of the mixing conduit; an injector coupled to the exhaust conduit and configured to direct reactants into the exhaust conduit towards the mesh; and an annular bypass defined between the mixing conduit and the exhaust conduit for allowing exhaust to bypass the upstream end of the mixing conduit and to enter the mixing conduit downstream of the mesh.

An aftertreatment system includes: a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system configured to decompose constituents of exhaust gas; an exhaust conduit configured to deliver the exhaust gas to the SCR system; a hydrocarbon insertion assembly; a valve operably coupled to the exhaust conduit, the valve configured to be selectively opened so as to allow a first gas to enter the exhaust conduit and mix with the exhaust gas; and a controller configured to: determine a SCR system temperature, in response to the SCR system temperature being less than a target temperature, instruct the hydrocarbon insertion assembly to insert hydrocarbons into the exhaust gas, and in response to the SCR system temperature being greater than the target temperature, instruct the valve to open so as to allow the first gas to enter the exhaust conduit, a first gas temperature of the first gas being lower than the SCR system temperature.

An exhaust gas treatment system for an internal combustion engine includes an exhaust gas pathway configured to receive exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine and a non-thermal plasma generator positioned in the exhaust gas pathway. The non-thermal plasma generator is configured to increase a proportion of nitrogen dioxide in the exhaust gas. The system also includes a first treatment element positioned in the exhaust gas pathway downstream of the non-thermal plasma generator and a second treatment element positioned in the exhaust gas pathway downstream of the first treatment element. At least one of the first treatment element or the second treatment element includes a combined selective catalytic reduction and diesel particulate filter (SCR+F) element.

A muffler (4) for motor vehicles comprising an intake pipe (8) of the exhaust gases that separates, at a fork (10), into a main pipe (12) and a secondary pipe (16), a muffler body (24) which delimits an expansion volume (28) and houses at least partly the main pipe (12) and the secondary pipe (16), wherein the intake pipe (8) of the exhaust gas is in fluid continuous connection with the main pipe (12) through the secondary pipe (16), and wherein the main pipe (12) comprises, downstream of the fork (10), a throttle valve (32) which allows or prevents a further fluidic connection of the intake pipe (8) of exhaust gas with the main pipe (12), and an output of the exhaust gases (40), for the expulsion of the gases from the muffler pipe (4).

An energy recovery unit (8) for use in a vehicle exhaust system (6), the energy recovery unit (8) comprising an inlet (24) for receiving exhaust gas from the exhaust system (6) and an outlet (26) for returning exhaust gas to the exhaust system (6). The energy recovery unit (8) further comprises a plurality of thermoelectric generators (20) disposed between the inlet (24) and the outlet (26), and a plurality of flow directing members (39). Each flow directing member (39) is configured to direct exhaust gas flow across at least one thermoelectric generator (20).

Methods and systems are provided for an exhaust bypass valve and a heat exchanger upstream of a three-way valve. In one example, a method may include flowing exhaust gas through one or more of an exhaust passage, bypass passage, recirculating passage, and EGR passage based on positions of a three-way valve and a bypass valve.

An exhaust system is provided that includes an exhaust aftertreatment unit, first and second exhaust pathway in communication with and upstream of the exhaust aftertreatment unit, a thermally activated flow control device operable in a first and second mode, and a thermal storage device. In the first mode, the flow control device permits exhaust to flow to the aftertreatment unit through the first pathway and inhibits flow through the second pathway. In the second mode, the flow control device permits exhaust flow to the aftertreatment unit through the second pathway and inhibits flow through the first pathway. The flow control device may switch between the first and second modes based on a change of temperature. The thermal storage device is within the second pathway, stores thermal mass, and provides thermal insulation to enable a catalyst of the aftertreatment unit to maintain a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time.

Systems and methods are disclosed to recover waste heat from an engine fluid with a heat exchanger subsystem that includes a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger subsystem is thermally coupled to a working fluid and the engine fluid, so the waste heat from the engine fluid is transferred to the working fluid. The engine fluid is bypassed from the heat exchanger in response to a heat exchanger bypass condition.

A hybrid vehicle includes an engine with cylinders generating driving power and a turbocharger having a turbine in an exhaust line, and a compressor which rotates with the turbine and compresses intake gas. An electric supercharger is disposed in the intake line upstream from the compressor, a catalytic converter is disposed in the exhaust line downstream from the turbine. A post processing bypass line connects the exhaust line at a downstream portion of the catalytic converter and the intake line at a downstream portion of the electric supercharger. A low pressure EGR device includes a low pressure EGR line branching off from the exhaust line and merging into the intake line and a low pressure EGR cooler disposed therein. A high pressure EGR device includes a high pressure EGR line branching off from an exhaust system and merging into an intake system, and a high pressure EGR cooler disposed therein.

When it is determined that control of warm-up of a catalyst is necessary at the time of start of an engine, an ECU starts warm-up control. Initially, the ECU performs first processing for a first set time period. In the first processing, the ECU sets the engine to an idle state and fully opens a waste gate valve. When the first set time period has elapsed since the first processing was started, the ECU performs second processing. In the second processing, the ECU sets the engine to a prescribed rotation speed and fully closes the waste gate valve. When a second set time period has elapsed since the second processing was started, the ECU quits the second processing and quits warm-up control.