An exhaust system for an internal combustion engine and having an end chamber having a first inlet opening and a second inlet opening, which are separate from and independent of one another, and an outlet opening, through which exhaust gases are released into the atmosphere; an exhaust duct, which originates from the internal combustion engine and leads to the first inlet opening of the end chamber; a silencer device, which has an outlet opening, which directly leads to the second inlet opening of the end chamber; a bypass duct, which originates from the exhaust duct in the area of a bifurcation and ends in an inlet opening of the silencer device; and an adjustment valve, which can be electronically controlled, is arranged along the exhaust duct downstream of the bifurcation where the bypass duct originates and is designed to adjust the exhaust gas flow towards the first inlet opening of the end chamber.

An exhaust heat recovery apparatus includes: a housing having a first exhaust passage and a second exhaust passage, an exhaust inlet fitting, and an exhaust outlet fitting; a heat exchanger disposed in the first exhaust passage; and a switching valve having a slide gate which is movable in a longitudinal direction of the housing so as to allow a flow of exhaust gases to be switched between the first exhaust passage and the second exhaust passage, wherein the first exhaust passage is parallel to the second exhaust passage, and the slide gate is movable between the first exhaust passage and the second exhaust passage.

A burner-based exhaust replication system that includes mechanisms for rapidly exchanging exhaust aftertreatment devices for testing. The exhaust replication system has a test leg for delivering exhaust to an exhaust aftertreatment device and a bypass leg for bypassing exhaust around the test leg. The test leg is equipped with a rotating drum that holds a number of exhaust aftertreatment devices. The drum is rotatable to selectively align the aftertreatment devices with the test leg and is moveable laterally in a direction parallel to the test leg to aid in sealing the test leg to the aftertreatment device.

When it is determined that control of warm-up of a catalyst is necessary at the time of start of an engine, an ECU starts warm-up control. Initially, the ECU performs first processing for a first set time period. In the first processing, the ECU sets the engine to an idle state and fully opens a waste gate valve. When the first set time period has elapsed since the first processing was started, the ECU performs second processing. In the second processing, the ECU sets the engine to a prescribed rotation speed and fully closes the waste gate valve. When a second set time period has elapsed since the second processing was started, the ECU quits the second processing and quits warm-up control.

A catalytic converter for an internal combustion engine has a housing (2) and a catalyst element (12) formed in the housing (2). The housing (2) is formed such that exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine can flow through the housing (2). The catalyst element (12) is formed such that fluid can flow around and through it. Additionally, the catalyst element (12) has a plurality of ribs (15) on its surface (14) that faces the exhaust gas.

A mixer assembly for a vehicle exhaust system includes a mixer shell defining an internal cavity, wherein the mixer shell includes an upstream end configured to receive exhaust gases and downstream end, and a reactor positioned within the internal cavity. The reactor has a reactor inlet configured to receive injected fluid and a reactor outlet that directs a mixture of exhaust gas and injected fluid into the internal cavity. An inlet baffle is mounted to the upstream end of the mixer shell. The inlet baffle includes at least one opening that directs exhaust gas into at least one exhaust gas inlet to the reactor and a plurality of bypass openings that direct exhaust gas to bypass entry into the reactor. The inlet baffle includes a crowned portion that curves away from the reactor to provide for an increased open area within the internal cavity between the inlet baffle and the reactor.

A mixer assembly for a vehicle exhaust system includes a mixer shell defining an internal cavity, wherein the mixer shell includes an upstream end configured to receive exhaust gases and downstream end. A reactor is positioned within the internal cavity and has a reactor inlet configured to receive injected fluid and a reactor outlet that directs a mixture of exhaust gas and injected fluid into the internal cavity. A flow diverter is associated with the reactor to direct exhaust gas bypassing the reactor to mix with the mixture exiting the reactor outlet prior to exiting the downstream end of the mixer.

A mixer assembly for a vehicle exhaust system includes a mixer shell defining an internal cavity and an inlet reactor positioned within the internal cavity. The inlet reactor has a fluid inlet, a first exhaust gas inlet, and a second exhaust gas inlet. An inlet baffle is mounted to an upstream end of the mixer shell. The inlet baffle includes a first opening that directs exhaust gas into the first exhaust gas inlet, a scoop that directs exhaust gas into the second exhaust gas inlet, and a plurality of bypass openings that direct exhaust gas to bypass entry into the inlet reactor.

A method for operating a heater system including a resistive heating element having a material with a non-monotonic resistivity vs. temperature profile is provided. The method includes heating the resistive heating element to within a limited temperature range in which the resistive heating element exhibits a negative dR/dT characteristic, operating the resistive heating element within an operating temperature range that at least partially overlaps the limited temperature range, and determining a temperature of the resistive heating element such that the resistive heating element functions as both a heater and a temperature sensor. The resistive heating element can function as a temperature sensor in a temperature range between about 500° C. and about 800° C., and the non-monotonic resistivity vs. temperature profile for the material of the resistive heating element can have a local maximum and a local minimum.

A mixer arrangement for an exhaust gas system, having an inlet opening through which an exhaust gas mass flow (A) can be guided, and a mixer for swirling the exhaust gas, which has at least one inflow opening that is fluidically connected to the inlet opening, wherein at least one first portion (A1) of the exhaust gas mass flow (A) can be guided through the mixer via the at least one inflow opening, an injection device by means of which an additive can be injected, and a bypass having at least one throughflow opening which is fluidically connected to the inlet opening and through which a second portion (A2) of the exhaust gas mass flow (A) can be guided past the mixer, there being provided at least one regulating body by means of which a flow cross-section Q in the mixer arrangement can be varied such that a ratio V with (formula I) can be varied.