An electrically heated catalyst has a catalyst body and a housing at least circumferentially surrounding the catalyst body. An electrical contacting assembly is arranged on a shell surface of the catalyst body, the electrical contacting assembly comprising a surface electrode arranged directly on the catalyst body and a contacting element connected to the surface electrode. The contacting element is rigid and has a screw thread.

A golf car includes a frame including main frames and cross members, an undercover that includes a front cover and a rear cover and is supported by the frame, and an engine room including an underside defined by the undercover. The front cover includes a rear end region provided with pawls. The rear cover includes a front end region provided with pawls. All of the pawls are engaged with the cross member. The front cover is fixed to the cross member and the main frames with fasteners, and the rear cover includes a rear end region fixed to the main frames with fasteners. The front cover and the rear cover include water drainage holes.

The present invention provides a honeycomb catalytic converter including: a honeycomb structured body in which multiple through-holes are arranged longitudinally in parallel with one another with a partition wall therebetween; and a noble metal supported on the honeycomb structured body, wherein the honeycomb structured body contains a ceria-zirconia composite oxide and alumina, and cerium on a surface of each partition wall has a lower concentration than cerium in a central portion of the partition wall in a thickness direction.

An improved NO.sub.x sensor with an NH.sub.3 oxidation. A sensor module may include a support component, a NO.sub.x sensing material positioned on the support component, and an NH.sub.3 oxidation catalyst. The NH.sub.3 oxidation catalyst may be layered on top of the NO.sub.x sensing material or the NH.sub.3 oxidation catalyst may be positioned upstream of he NO.sub.x sensing material such that the NH.sub.3 oxidation catalyst selectively converts NH.sub.3 to N.sub.2 while permitting NO.sub.x through to the NO.sub.x sensing material.

An electrically heated catalyst has a catalyst body and a housing at least circumferentially surrounding the catalyst body. An electrical contacting assembly is arranged on a shell surface of the catalyst body, the electrical contacting assembly comprising a surface electrode arranged directly on the catalyst body and a contacting element connected to the surface electrode. The contacting element is rigid and has a screw thread.

An improved NO.sub.x sensor with an NH.sub.3 oxidation catalyst. A sensor module may include a support component, a NO.sub.x sensing material positioned on the support component, and an NH.sub.3 oxidation catalyst. The NH.sub.3 oxidation catalyst may be layered on top of the NO.sub.x sensing material or the NH.sub.3 oxidation catalyst may be positioned upstream of the NO.sub.x sensing material such that the NH.sub.3 oxidation catalyst selectively converts NH.sub.3 to N.sub.2 while permitting NO.sub.x through to the NO.sub.x sensing material.

A pipe structure includes a pipe disposed in a state of contact with the air, a fluid with a temperature of at least 100 C. flowing inside the pipe; and a coating material containing nickel oxide and coated onto an outer periphery portion of the pipe

An aftertreatment system includes a first pipe section in fluid communication with an exhaust manifold on an internal combustion engine. A first aftertreatment device includes a housing and a porous substrate having substrate walls defining a plurality of flow channels including first channels obstructed at a first end of the substrate and second channels obstructed at a second end of the substrate opposite the first end. The first and second channels are interleaved and internal pore surfaces in the porous substrate form a plurality of internal pores. A passive NOx adsorption catalyst is deposited on the substrate walls and internal pore surfaces such that the mean porosity of the porous substrate is not greater than a particulate matter secondary grain size. A second aftertreatment device having an inlet is in fluid communication with the outlet of the first aftertreatment device.

A urea solution spray nozzle maybe provided that can suppress the deposit and growth of urea in the urea solution spray nozzle. A urea solution spray nozzle according to at least one present embodiment is such that urea solution flow paths and gas flow paths and are constituted, and urea solution and gas are mixed and injected from an injection port, and a slit, which is a lateral ejection port, is constituted in such a manner that the gas is ejected in the same direction as the injection direction of the urea solution along surfaces of the urea solution spray nozzle, and a water-repellent coating layer is formed on the surfaces of the urea solution spray nozzle.

A heat cover for a particulate matter sensor includes an aluminum foil external layer and an internal layer made from a composition including SiO.sub.2 of between 52-60%, CaO of between 16-25%, and Al.sub.2O.sub.2 of between 12-16%. The heat cover is formed as a sleeve structure and includes an open end for receiving the particulate matter sensor.