A two-stroke engine exhaust resonator with an exhaust gas catalytic converter comprising an inlet opening, wherein the inlet opening is followed by the first end of a stabilizing tube with a catalytic converter mounted thereon, characterized in that the other end of the stabilizing tube is directed towards the primary reflective surface, the primary reflective surface is followed by the first end of a resonator casing, which is surrounding the stabilizing tube, wherein the resonator casing exceeds at least over a part of the catalytic converter on the stabilizing tube, wherein a resonator outlet opening is arranged in the resonator casing between its first and second end or in the primary reflective surface, and at least a part of the resonator casing surrounding the stabilizing tube is surrounded by a cooler.

A muffler (40) devised particularly for use with an engine of the type used on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and a UAV (10) having an engine (30) fitted with the muffler (40). The muffler (40) comprises a body (51) having an interior chamber (60). The muffler body (51) has a first end section (53) and a second end section (55). The first end section (51) is adapted for mounting onto the engine (31) by way of a first mount (81), with the interior chamber (60) in communication with an exhaust outlet of the engine (31) to receive exhaust flow therefrom. The second end section (53) is adapted to be mounted by way of a second mount (82) in a manner resisting movement with respect to the engine (31). In one arrangement, the second mount (82) is configured to yieldingly resist movement with respect to the engine (30). In another arrangement, the second mount (82) is configured to mount the second end section (55) under a preload resisting movement of the second end section with respect to the engine (30).

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to an intake and exhaust system and an all-terrain vehicle. The intake and exhaust system includes a first intake and exhaust structure and a second intake and exhaust structure. The first intake and exhaust structure includes an intake pipe coupled to a transmission and a first exhaust pipe coupled to the transmission. The second intake and exhaust structure includes an air filter coupled to an air inlet of the engine and a second exhaust pipe coupled to the engine. A port of the first exhaust pipe away from the transmission faces the second exhaust pipe.

An engine system and method of operating the same includes a two stroke engine, an exhaust manifold coupled to the two-stroke engine, a tuned pipe coupled to the exhaust manifold coupled to the exhaust manifold, a stinger pipe coupled to the tuned pipe, a silencer coupled to the tuned pipe and an exhaust pipe, and an exhaust bypass valve. Exhaust gases are directed from the two stroke engine through an exhaust manifold and through a tuned pipe. An opening of the exhaust bypass valve is changed to redirect exhaust gases away from the tuned pipe to change a pressure within the tuned pipe. In response to changing the opening of the exhaust bypass valve, the airflow through the engine is changed.

A riding lawn mower has an internal combustion engine and a muffler with a first housing. The internal combustion engine is connected to the muffler to supply exhaust gases originating from the internal combustion engine to the first housing of the muffler for noise damping of the exhaust gases. A second housing is provided that thermally insulates the first housing of the muffler. The second housing at least partially encloses the first housing of the muffler. The second housing has an exterior side with an emissivity of greater than 0.8.

A diffuser nozzle for a gas turbine engine includes a housing disposed about a nozzle axis and extending between a first nozzle end and a second nozzle end. The housing defines a nozzle duct. A plurality of walls is disposed within the nozzle duct. The plurality of walls subdivides the nozzle duct into a plurality of duct sections. The plurality of walls further defines a plurality of axially-extending duct segments of the nozzle duct such that within a first axially-extending duct segment, the duct cross-sectional area of a first duct section of the plurality of duct sections is greater than the duct cross-sectional area of each other duct section and within a second axially-extending duct segment, the duct cross-sectional area of a second duct section of the plurality of duct sections is greater than the duct cross-sectional area of each other duct section.

An engine system comprises a two stroke engine, an exhaust manifold, a tuned pipe coupled to the exhaust manifold and a turbocharger coupled to the engine. The turbocharger comprises a turbine inlet coupled to the exhaust manifold through the tuned pipe, and a turbine outlet coupled to an exhaust pipe. A silencer is coupled to the exhaust pipe. A bypass pipe has a first end coupled to the tuned pipe and a second end bypassing the turbine outlet and a wastegate disposed in the bypass pipe.

Methods of and apparatus for monitoring the health of a fuel oxygen conversion unit for a vehicle or a vehicle engine are provided. For example, a method comprises providing a distribution of sensed values obtained from a plurality of sensors distributed along an axial length of a gas oxygen reduction unit of the fuel oxygen conversion unit and determining the health of the fuel oxygen conversion unit from the distribution. As another example, a fuel oxygen conversion unit defines a circulation gas flowpath from a fuel gas separator to a contactor and comprises a gas oxygen reduction unit positioned in the circulation gas flowpath for reducing an oxygen content of a flow of stripping gas through the circulation gas flowpath. A plurality of sensors are distributed along an axial length of the gas oxygen reduction unit.

A two-stroke engine exhaust resonator with an exhaust gas catalytic converter comprising an inlet opening, wherein the inlet opening is followed by the first end of a stabilizing tube with a catalytic converter mounted thereon, characterized in that the other end of the stabilizing tube is directed towards the primary reflective surface, the primary reflective surface is followed by the first end of a resonator casing, which is surrounding the stabilizing tube, wherein the resonator casing exceeds at least over a part of the catalytic converter on the stabilizing tube, wherein a resonator outlet opening is arranged in the resonator casing between its first and second end or in the primary reflective surface, and at least a part of the resonator casing surrounding the stabilizing tube is surrounded by a cooler.

An exhaust system is disclosed. A method of providing the exhaust system is also included. A vehicle may implement the exhaust system. In certain examples, the exhaust system includes a muffler having an exhaust inlet and an exhaust outlet. The exhaust system also includes a housing disposed around the muffler. The housing includes, in certain examples, a first exhaust opening disposed adjacent the exhaust outlet and configured to receive exhaust gasses from the exhaust outlet and direct the exhaust gasses away from the exhaust system in a normal operating mode, and a second exhaust opening configured to draw in ambient air in the normal operating mode.