Embodiments of apparatus are disclosed for affecting working fluid flow in a system that delivers material between two locations by carrying the material in the working fluid. For example, embodiments of the disclosed apparatus may be used in an internal combustion engines to carry fuel droplets to a combustion area using air as the working fluid. The apparatus may include a passage including a funnel portion and tumble area that direct working fluid into a stratified stream. The stratified stream may include an outer boundary flow having a toroidal and/or helical flow characteristic and an inner flow carrying injected material that is bound by the outer flow.

Embodiments of apparatus are disclosed for affecting working fluid flow in a system that delivers material between two locations by carrying the material in the working fluid. For example, embodiments of the disclosed apparatus may be used in an internal combustion engines to carry fuel droplets to a combustion area using air as the working fluid. The apparatus may include a passage including a funnel portion and tumble area that direct working fluid into a stratified stream. The stratified stream may include an outer boundary flow having a toroidal and/or helical flow characteristic and an inner flow carrying injected material that is bound by the outer flow.

A water current power generating system includes a support structure located on a bed of a body of water. A power generating apparatus, such as a water current turbine device, is mounted on the support structure, by way of a mounting portion. The system also includes a measurement unit operable to determine operating information relating to operation of the system, and a controller operable to determine loading on the system from such operating information, and to adjust a controlled parameter of the system such that loading on the system falls below a predetermined threshold value.

Embodiments of apparatus are disclosed for affecting working fluid flow in a system that delivers material between two locations by carrying the material in the working fluid. For example, embodiments of the disclosed apparatus may be used in an internal combustion engines to carry fuel droplets to a combustion area using air as the working fluid. The apparatus may include a passage including a funnel portion and tumble area that direct working fluid into a stratified stream. The stratified stream may include an outer boundary flow having a toroidal and/or helical flow characteristic and an inner flow carrying injected material that is bound by the outer flow.

Embodiments of apparatus are disclosed for affecting working fluid flow in a system that delivers material between two locations by carrying the material in the working fluid. For example, embodiments of the disclosed apparatus may be used in an internal combustion engines to carry fuel droplets to a combustion area using air as the working fluid. The apparatus may include a passage including a funnel portion and tumble area that direct working fluid into a stratified stream. The stratified stream may include an outer boundary flow having a toroidal and/or helical flow characteristic and an inner flow carrying injected material that is bound by the outer flow.

A fuel injection unit for assembly to a cylinder head and for injecting first and second fuel to a cylinder of an internal combustion piston engine includes a first fuel feeding section, a second fuel feeding section, a pressure accumulator in the first fuel feeding section, and a flow fuse arranged in the first fuel feeding section between the pressure accumulator and a fuel injection valve of the first fuel feeding section. The fuel injection valve includes a fuel handling section and control section, and the control section is a hydraulic control section fluidly separated from the fuel handling section.

A fuel injection unit for assembly to a cylinder head and for injecting first and second fuel to a cylinder of an internal combustion piston engine includes a first fuel feeding section, a second fuel feeding section, a pressure accumulator in the first fuel feeding section, and a flow fuse arranged in the first fuel feeding section between the pressure accumulator and a fuel injection valve of the first fuel feeding section. The fuel injection valve includes a fuel handling section and control section, and the control section is a hydraulic control section fluidly separated from the fuel handling section.

An internal combustion engine in which a fuel reforming operation in a fuel reformation cylinder (2) is not executed and a warming operation for raising the temperature of the fuel reformation cylinder (2) is executed, when a gas temperature of a fuel reformation chamber (23) at a time point when a piston (22) in the fuel reformation cylinder (2) reaches a compression top dead point is estimated to fall short of a reforming operation allowable lower limit gas temperature. For example, EGR gas is introduced to the fuel reformation chamber (23) without cooling the EGR gas. Further, during a predetermined period from the expansion stroke to an exhaust stroke of an output cylinder (3), exhaust gas warming fuel is supplied to a combustion chamber (33). Further, the fuel is combusted in the fuel reformation chamber (23).

An internal combustion engine in which a fuel reforming operation in a fuel reformation cylinder (2) is not executed and a warming operation for raising the temperature of the fuel reformation cylinder (2) is executed, when a gas temperature of a fuel reformation chamber (23) at a time point when a piston (22) in the fuel reformation cylinder (2) reaches a compression top dead point is estimated to fall short of a reforming operation allowable lower limit gas temperature. For example, EGR gas is introduced to the fuel reformation chamber (23) without cooling the EGR gas. Further, during a predetermined period from the expansion stroke to an exhaust stroke of an output cylinder (3), exhaust gas warming fuel is supplied to a combustion chamber (33). Further, the fuel is combusted in the fuel reformation chamber (23).

Embodiments of apparatus are disclosed for affecting working fluid flow in a system that delivers material between two locations by carrying the material in the working fluid. For example, embodiments of the disclosed apparatus may be used in an internal combustion engines to carry fuel droplets to a combustion area using air as the working fluid. The apparatus may include a passage including a funnel portion and tumble area that direct working fluid into a stratified stream. The stratified stream may include an outer boundary flow having a toroidal and/or helical flow characteristic and an inner flow carrying injected material that is bound by the outer flow.