A combustion air intake apparatus for a truck, tractor, or bus vehicle for highway use includes an air deflecting element that is selectively deployable to cause dynamic air pressure created by vehicle motion to increase static air, pressure within the intake apparatus under appropriate conditions. Deployment or retraction of the air deflecting element is responsive to at least one of forward speed of the vehicle, air pressure downstream of an air inlet opening, or throttle position, and may further be responsive to detection of precipitation and/or particulate material. An air deflecting element may include a moveable plate or flap, moveable louvers, or a moveable duct.

A fresh air supply device for an internal combustion engine may include a housing and a flap arrangement arranged in the housing. The flap arrangement may include at least one flap for controlling a fresh air flow through a fresh air path to a respective cylinder of the internal combustion engine. The flap arrangement may include a common actuator shaft connected to the at least one flap in a torque-proof manner and mounted rotatably about an axis of rotation in a plurality of bearings of the flap arrangement. The actuator shaft may have at least one actuator shaft section in which the actuator shaft has a right-angle bend configured to interact with a stop present on the housing for limiting rotational movement of the actuator shaft.

A modular valve unit for controlling the flow rate of an intake or exhaust gas of a combustion engine through the passage of a valve, the valve unit comprising a valve having a valve housing (1) and at least one valve flap (2). The valve unit further comprises an interface (3) and an adapter (6), the interface (3) being connected to the valve housing (1) and having a support (32) and an engagement portion comprising at least two engagement legs (31) projecting from the distal end of the support (32) and being directed away from the valve housing (1). The adapter (6) has a connection plate (62) having at least two engagement orifices (61) for receiving the engagement legs (31) of the interface (3) and a mounting portion for holding an actuator (7). The at least two engagement orifices (61) of the connection plate (62) of the adapter (6) are each configured to engage the corresponding at least two engagement legs (31) of the engagement portion of the interface (3).

A modular valve unit for controlling the flow rate of an intake or exhaust gas of a combustion engine through the passage of a valve, the valve unit comprising a valve having a valve housing (1) and at least one valve flap (2). The valve unit further comprises an interface (3) and an adapter (6), the interface (3) being connected to the valve housing (1) and having a support (32) and an engagement portion comprising at least two engagement legs (31) projecting from the distal end of the support (32) and being directed away from the valve housing (1). The adapter (6) has a connection plate (62) having at least two engagement orifices (61) for receiving the engagement legs (31) of the interface (3) and a mounting portion for holding an actuator (7). The at least two engagement orifices (61) of the connection plate (62) of the adapter (6) are each configured to engage the corresponding at least two engagement legs (31) of the engagement portion of the interface (3).

There is a control system for a hybrid vehicle including an internal combustion engine including a throttle valve on an intake air passage, and a generator coupled to an output shaft of the engine. The control system includes a controller. The controller is configured to detect shaft torque of the output shaft of the engine by the generator, calculate an actual value of a throttle flow rate based on the shaft torque, the flow rate being an amount of air that flows through the throttle valve, and learn flow rate characteristics indicating a relationship between a throttle opening being a degree of opening of the throttle valve and the throttle flow rate, based on an actual value of the throttle opening and the actual value of the throttle flow rate.

A pressure sensor for fluid control system for an aircraft includes an enclosure, a piston assembly, and a bellows. The enclosure has a body that extends between a first end and a second end. A first fluid line extends to the first end. The piston assembly has a piston head that is movably disposed within the enclosure and a piston rod that extends from the piston head and through the second end. The bellows is disposed within the body that extends between and is operatively connected to the piston head and the first end.

A pressure sensor for fluid control system for an aircraft includes an enclosure, a piston assembly, and a bellows. The enclosure has a body that extends between a first end and a second end. A first fluid line extends to the first end. The piston assembly has a piston head that is movably disposed within the enclosure and a piston rod that extends from the piston head and through the second end. The bellows is disposed within the body that extends between and is operatively connected to the piston head and the first end.

A method for controlling a gas turbine engine having a constrained model based control (CMBC) system. The method including obtaining information about a current and previous states of the engine, updating model data information in the CMBC and a parameter estimation system based on the obtained information, and identifying trends in the data based on the information. The method also includes diagnosing the engine, based on the identified trends, determining at least one of a new constraint, objective, initial condition, model characteristic, prediction horizon, and control horizon for the control system based on the diagnosing step if the diagnosing step identified a fault condition, and adapting the CMBC system based on the at least one new constraint, objective, initial condition, model characteristic, prediction and control horizon. The method further includes generating at least on control command based on the adapting and commanding an actuator based on the control command.

A method for controlling a gas turbine engine having a constrained model based control (CMBC) system. The method including obtaining information about a current and previous states of the engine, updating model data information in the CMBC and a parameter estimation system based on the obtained information, and identifying trends in the data based on the information. The method also includes diagnosing the engine, based on the identified trends, determining at least one of a new constraint, objective, initial condition, model characteristic, prediction horizon, and control horizon for the control system based on the diagnosing step if the diagnosing step identified a fault condition, and adapting the CMBC system based on the at least one new constraint, objective, initial condition, model characteristic, prediction and control horizon. The method further includes generating at least on control command based on the adapting and commanding an actuator based on the control command.

An angle detection mechanism to detect a rotation angle of a rotation body includes a first detection unit to cause a first output value to constantly change in response to an angle change of the rotation body in the entire region of a specific rotation range and to set a change quantity of the first output value relative to the angle change in a first rotation region of the specific rotation range to be greater than a change quantity in a non-first rotation region, and a second detection unit to cause a second output value to constantly change in response to an angle change and to set a change quantity of the second output value in a second rotation region including a rotation region different from the first rotation region to be greater than a change quantity in a non-second rotation region.