Methods and systems are provided for a prechamber. In one example, the prechamber comprises one or more valves for optionally adjusting gas flow therethrough. The one or more valves may allow pre-chamber and combustion chamber settings to be modified, thereby enhancing combustion operating parameters.

A hybrid vehicle includes an internal combustion engine and a motor generator, wherein the internal combustion engine includes a variable compression ratio mechanism structured to vary in mechanical compression ratio depending on variation in position of a compression ratio control member structured to move due to driving of an electric actuator. A control method for the hybrid vehicle includes: measuring a state of charge of a battery connected to the motor generator; and in response to regenerative operation of the motor generator in a state that the state of charge of the battery is equal to or higher than a predetermined level, consuming generated electric power by driving the electric actuator of the variable compression ratio mechanism.

A hybrid vehicle includes an internal combustion engine and a motor generator, wherein the internal combustion engine includes a variable compression ratio mechanism structured to vary in mechanical compression ratio depending on variation in position of a compression ratio control member structured to move due to driving of an electric actuator. A control method for the hybrid vehicle includes: measuring a state of charge of a battery connected to the motor generator; and in response to regenerative operation of the motor generator in a state that the state of charge of the battery is equal to or higher than a predetermined level, consuming generated electric power by driving the electric actuator of the variable compression ratio mechanism.

A piston for an internal combustion engine comprises a skirt defining an inner space of the piston and having a skirt bottom; and a target arranged under the skirt bottom to engage with a passage detector arranged in the engine. The target is supported by a holding body held at least partially inside the inner space of the piston. The present disclosure likewise relates to an engine comprising such a piston.

A piston for an internal combustion engine comprises a skirt defining an inner space of the piston and having a skirt bottom; and a target arranged under the skirt bottom to engage with a passage detector arranged in the engine. The target is supported by a holding body held at least partially inside the inner space of the piston. The present disclosure likewise relates to an engine comprising such a piston.

An adaptive, any-fuel reciprocating engine using sensor feedback integration of high-speed optical sensors with real-time control loops to adaptively manage the electronic actuation schemes over a range of engine loads and fuels. The engine uses one or more optical sensors to collect specific types of gas property data via a spectroscopic technique to adaptively control various components within the engine.

An adaptive, any-fuel reciprocating engine using sensor feedback integration of high-speed optical sensors with real-time control loops to adaptively manage the electronic actuation schemes over a range of engine loads and fuels. The engine uses one or more optical sensors to collect specific types of gas property data via a spectroscopic technique to adaptively control various components within the engine.

A control method for internal combustion engine with a fuel injection valve configured to directly inject fuel into a cylinder and an ignition plug configured to directly spark-ignite the fuel injected from the fuel injection valve includes comparing an actual behavior, which is an actual changing behavior of an engine revolution speed at an engine start, to a reference behavior set in advance, and switching from stratified combustion in which a fuel spray injected from the fuel injection valve and staying around the ignition plug is directly spark-ignited to homogeneous combustion in which a homogeneous air-fuel mixture is formed in a combustion chamber and the fuel is burned and increasing a mechanical compression ratio of the internal combustion engine as compared to the case where the actual behavior and the reference behavior match if the actual behavior is different from the reference behavior.

A control method for internal combustion engine with a fuel injection valve configured to directly inject fuel into a cylinder and an ignition plug configured to directly spark-ignite the fuel injected from the fuel injection valve includes comparing an actual behavior, which is an actual changing behavior of an engine revolution speed at an engine start, to a reference behavior set in advance, and switching from stratified combustion in which a fuel spray injected from the fuel injection valve and staying around the ignition plug is directly spark-ignited to homogeneous combustion in which a homogeneous air-fuel mixture is formed in a combustion chamber and the fuel is burned and increasing a mechanical compression ratio of the internal combustion engine as compared to the case where the actual behavior and the reference behavior match if the actual behavior is different from the reference behavior.

An object of the present invention is to predict change of a combustion limit due to cycle variation of temperature and an EGR ratio and perform correction every cycle to decrease an amount of combustion consumption. Therefore, in an internal combustion engine control device that controls an internal combustion engine including a cylinder and an exhaust pipe, the internal combustion engine control device includes a control unit configured to perform EGR control of controlling an exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe to return to an inner cylinder of the cylinder, obtain temperature of the gas in the internal cylinder and an EGR ratio in a state where both an intake valve and an exhaust valve are closed in an combustion cycle, and correct a combustion parameter in a same combustion cycle as the combustion cycle on the basis of the obtained gas temperature and the obtained EGR ratio.