An air monitoring system measures tan amount of pollutant in the air. The system includes a plurality of air quality sensor devices arranged within a selected area. Each of the air quality sensor devices is configured to measure air pollutant levels in the selected area, and includes at least one sensor operatively coupled to a controller, wherein the controller is configured to receive a measured input from the at least one sensor. A wireless communication device is coupled to the controller, and is configured to communicate with a central server device.

A valve system/method suitable for an internal combustion engine (ICE), compressor pump, vacuum pump, and/or reciprocating mechanical device is disclosed. The system/method is optimized for construction of a four-stroke ICE. The rudimentary system incorporates a unitized intake and exhaust engine block cover (UEC) that enclose an intake rotary valve cylinder (IVC) and exhaust rotary valve cylinder (EVC) that control intake/exhaust flow through a respective intake rotary valve port (IVP) and an exhaust rotary valve port (EVP) into and out of a combustion cylinder that provides power to a piston and crankshaft. An intake multi-staged valve (IMV) and exhaust multi-staged valve (EMV) provide intake and exhaust flow control for the IVC/IVP and EVC/EVP. An enhanced system may include a variety of intake/exhaust port seals (IPS/EPS), forced induction (FIN), forced discharge (FID), centrifugal advance (CAD), and/or cooling channel spool (ICS/ECS).

Cylinder cover for an internal combustion engine, comprising a cylinder head, a cylinder head cover, an intermediate flange arranged between the cylinder head and the cylinder head cover, a plurality of fasteners for fastening the cylinder head cover and the intermediate flange to the cylinder head. The plurality of fasteners comprising a first fastener having a first head with internal threads, and a first shaft with first external threads, and a second fastener comprising a second head, and a second shaft with second external threads. The first fastener fastens the intermediate flange to the cylinder head and the second fastener fastens the cylinder head cover to the intermediate flange.

The invention relates to a large internal combustion engine (1) with a crankcase (4), with a crankshaft (11) which is mounted rotatably in said crankcase (4), and with a crankshaft journal (10) on which a connecting rod (9) is pivotably arranged, wherein the crankcase (4) has an upper deck (O) and a lower deck (U) with in each case one opening for the cylinder liner (6), in which opening said cylinder liner (6) is arranged, and wherein the connecting rod (9) has an extent width (A) which is greater than the external diameter (a) of the cylinder liner (6). The problem addressed is that of specifying an improved large internal combustion engine. According to the invention, this is solved by virtue of the fact that the upper deck (O) and/or the lower deck (U) have/has at least one clearance (FO, FU) for the installation of the connecting rod (9), and that the recess which is produced along the external diameter (a) of the cylinder liner (6) opens up at least an extent width (A) of the connecting rod (9) and has a breadth (W) which corresponds at least to a width (b) of the connecting rod (9). Moreover, the invention relates to an associated method for the assembly of the large internal combustion engine (1).

A front cover (7) is made of a resin material such as a synthetic resin and is attached to an internal combustion engine body so as to cover the front surface of the internal combustion engine body. The front cover (7) is formed with a mounting part (21) made of a resin material and protruding to the forward side of an internal combustion engine. The mounting part (21) is formed in an elongated hollow shape along the cylinder axial direction of the internal combustion engine. The mounting part (21) is equipped with a vehicle body attachment part (23) for attaching the internal combustion engine to a vehicle body. The vehicle body attachment part (23) is formed integrally with the mounting part (21). It is thereby possible to reduce the weight and number of components of the internal combustion engine.

A sliding mechanism of the present invention includes a cylinder bore having a thermally sprayed iron-based coating and includes a piston with a piston ring covered with a hard coating composed mainly of carbon. The thermally sprayed coating has diamond abrasive grains. An area ratio of the diamond abrasive grains to a surface of the thermally sprayed coating is 0.3 to 1.8%, which enables suppressing wear of the piston ring having the hard coating composed mainly of carbon.

A valve system/method suitable for an internal combustion engine (ICE), compressor pump, vacuum pump, and/or reciprocating mechanical device is disclosed. The system/method is optimized for construction of a two-stroke ICE. The rudimentary system incorporates an intake engine block cover (IEC) and exhaust engine block cover (EEC) that enclose an intake rotary valve cylinder (IVC) and exhaust rotary valve cylinder (EVC) that control intake/exhaust flow through a respective intake rotary valve port (IVP) and an exhaust rotary valve port (EVP) into and out of a combustion cylinder that provides power to a piston and crankshaft. Intake/exhaust multi-staged valves (IMV/EMV) provide intake/exhaust flow control for the IVC/IVP and EVC/EVP. An enhanced system may include a variety of intake/exhaust port seals (IPS/EPS), forced induction/discharge (FIN/FID), centrifugal advance (CAD/ICA/ECA), and/or cooling channel spool (ICS/ECS).

A split cycle internal combustion engine includes a combustion cylinder accommodating a combustion piston and a compression cylinder accommodating a compression piston. The engine also includes a controller arranged to receive an indication of a parameter associated with the combustion cylinder and/or a fluid associated therewith and to control an exhaust valve of the combustion cylinder in dependence on the indicated parameter to cause the exhaust valve to close during the return stroke of the combustion piston, before the combustion piston has reached its top dead centre position (TDC), when the indicated parameter is less than a target value for the parameter; and close on completion of the return stroke of the combustion piston, as the combustion piston reaches its top dead centre position (TDC), when the indicated parameter is equal to or greater than the target value for the parameter.

In some embodiments, a fuel rail for a two-stroke internal combustion engine includes a fuel rail body, a fuel inlet component integrated within the fuel rail body as a one-piece component and in fluidic contact with a fuel line, one or more fuel exit ports in fluidic contact with a cylinder of a combustion engine, and one or more fasteners adapted to secure the fuel rail body to a cylinder wall of the cylinder of the combustion engine.

A plastic molded article includes a base having a main surface, a first tubular portion protruding from the main surface, a second tubular portion protruding from the main surface and having an inner diameter smaller than that of the first tubular portion, and a pair of ribs that protrudes from the main surface and connects an outer circumferential surface of the first tubular portion and an outer circumferential surface of the second tubular portion to each other. The base, the first tubular portion, the second tubular portion, and the ribs are integrally molded of plastic. The ribs are located on opposite sides of an imaginary plane that includes a central axis of the first tubular portion and a central axis of the second tubular portion.