A reciprocating, internal combustion engine comprises a turbine connected to the exhaust port of a cylinder. The turbine receives exhaust gas from the cylinder and a power capture means transfers the power generated by the turbine to at least one of power storage device, a turbocharger, a compressor, and vehicle locomotion.

A Stirling-cycle apparatus is provided comprising a hermetically sealable housing; a first rotary displacement unit in fluid communication with a second rotary fluid displacement unit, each operably mounted in a separate, fluidly sealed portion within said housing and adapted to provide a cyclic change of at least one thermodynamic state parameter of a working fluid during use. Furthermore, each one of said first and second rotary displacement unit comprises a compressor mechanism, having a first compressor working chamber that is adapted to receive a first portion of said working fluid, and at least a second compressor working chamber that is adapted to receive a second portion of said working fluid, said first compressor working chamber comprises a first outlet port and said second compressor working chamber comprises a second outlet port. Each one of said first and second rotary displacement unit further comprises an expander mechanism, having a first expander working chamber that is adapted to receive said first portion of said working fluid, and at least a second expander working chamber that is adapted to receive said second portion of said working fluid, said first expander working chamber comprises a first inlet port and said second expander working chamber comprises a second inlet port; a drive coupling assembly, adapted to operably and operatively couple said first expander mechanism to said first compressor mechanism. The drive coupling assembly further comprises a rotating valve mechanism, adapted to provide a predetermined sequence of a cyclic fluid exchange between said first compressor working chamber and said first expander working chamber, and between said second compressor working chamber and said second expander working chamber, at predetermined intervals of the angle of rotation of said first and second rotatory displacement unit. The Stirling-cycle apparatus further comprises an actuator, operably coupled to said first and second rotary displacement unit, and adapted to synchronously link the rotational movement of said first rotary displacement unit with said second rotary displacement unit, such that said first predetermined cyclic change of at least one thermodynamic state parameter of said working fluid is offset in relation to said second predetermined cyclic change of at least one thermodynamic state parameter of said working fluid by a predetermined phase angle, during use.

An exhaust heat recovery system may include an exhaust pipe through which exhaust gas exhausted from an engine moves, a main channel through which a working fluid moves, a turbine rotated by the working fluid exhausted from the main channel to generate energy, an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) line circulating a portion of the exhaust gas exhausted from the engine to an intake manifold, and channel control valves disposed in the main channel and configured to control movement of the working fluid so that the exhaust gas moving along the EGR line and the working fluid moving along the main channel exchange heat with each other.

Exhaust gases (28) from an engine (16, 16), input to turbo-compounder (20), drive a bladed turbine rotor (48) therein, which drives a generator (56, 56.1, 56.1, 126, 126, 126), the output of which is used to electrically drive an induction motor (104, 104), the rotor (106) of which is mechanically coupled to the engine (16, 16) so as to provide for recovering power to the engine (16, 16). The turbo-compounder (20) also incorporates a wastegate valve (36, 36) to provide for the exhaust gases (28) to bypass the bladed turbine rotor (48). Upon startup the wastegate valve (36, 36) is opened, and the generator may be decoupled from the engine (16, 16). The generator (56, 56.1, 56.1, 126, 126, 126) may be coupled to the engine (16, 16) either by closure of a contactor (110, 110), engagement of an electrically-controlled clutch (124), or by control of either a solid-state switching (125) or control system or an AC excitation signal (130), when the frequency (f.sub.GENERATOR) of the generator (56, 56.1, 56.1, 126, 126, 126) meets or exceeds that (f.sub.MOTOR) of the induction motor (104, 104). Wastegate valve (36, 36) closure provides for the generator (56, 56.1, 56.1, 126, 126, 126) to recover power from the exhaust gases (28).

An internal combustion engine including a first set of cylinders includes: a first two-stroke compression cylinder housing a first compression piston connected to a first crank shaft; an intermediate two-stroke compression cylinder housing an intermediate compression piston, wherein the second two-stroke compression cylinder is configured to receive compressed gas from the first two-stroke compression cylinder; and a first four-stroke combustion cylinder housing a first combustion piston, wherein the first four-stroke combustion cylinder is configured to receive compressed gas from the intermediate two-stroke compression cylinder; wherein the internal combustion engine further includes a second set of cylinders including: a second two-stroke compression cylinder housing a second compression piston connected to the first crank shaft, wherein the second two-stroke compression cylinder is configured to provide compressed gas to the intermediate two-stroke compression cylinder; and a second four-stroke combustion cylinder housing a second combustion piston, wherein the second four-stroke combustion cylinder is configured to receive compressed gas from the intermediate two-stroke compression cylinder; wherein each one of the intermediate compression piston and the first and second combustion pistons are connected to a second crank shaft, the second crank shaft being configured to rotate with a speed of at least twice the speed of the first crank shaft.

An object is to enable low fuel-consumption operation of an engine by controlling a back pressure and a power generation amount taking account of a trade-off relationship between deterioration of fuel efficiency due to an increase in pumping loss due to a back-pressure rise of the engine and improvement of fuel efficiency due to recovery of exhaust energy by a turbo compound.

An airflow system for a gas turbine system according to an embodiment includes: a compressor component of a gas turbine system; an airflow generation system for attachment to a rotatable shaft of the gas turbine system, the airflow generation system and the compressor component drawing in an excess flow of air through an air intake section; a mixing area for receiving an exhaust gas stream produced by the gas turbine system; an air extraction system for: extracting at least a portion of the excess flow of air generated by the airflow generation system and the compressor component to provide bypass air; and diverting the bypass air into the mixing area to reduce a temperature of the exhaust gas stream; and an exhaust processing system for processing the reduced temperature exhaust gas stream.

A system for energy conversion, the system including a closed cycle engine containing a volume of working fluid, the engine comprising a first chamber defining an expansion chamber and a second chamber defining a compression chamber each separated by a piston attached to a connection member of a piston assembly, and wherein the engine comprises a heater body in thermal communication with the first chamber, and further wherein the engine comprises a cold side heat exchanger in thermal communication with the second chamber, and wherein a third chamber is defined within the piston, wherein the third chamber is in selective flow communication with the first chamber, the second chamber, or both.

A system for energy conversion, the system including a closed cycle engine containing a volume of working fluid, the engine comprising a first chamber defining an expansion chamber and a second chamber defining a compression chamber each separated by a piston attached to a connection member of a piston assembly, and wherein the engine comprises a heater body in thermal communication with the first chamber, and further wherein the engine comprises a cold side heat exchanger in thermal communication with the second chamber, and wherein a third chamber is defined within the piston, wherein the third chamber is in selective flow communication with the first chamber, the second chamber, or both.

A method of recovering waste heat includes pressurizing a flow of working fluid and transferring heat from a hot gas stream to the flow of working fluid in at least two successively arranged heat transfer sections. At least some of the working fluid is converted to a superheated vapor by the transfer of heat, and passes through an expander to recover useful work. A portion of the flow of working fluid is directed along a branch after having passed through at least one of the heat transfer sections, and bypasses the expander and at least one of the heat transfer sections before being recombined with the working fluid that has passed through the expander. The total flow rate of working fluid can be adjusted to regulate the temperature of the hot gas stream downstream of the heat transfer sections, and the amount of fluid that bypasses along the branch can be adjusted to regulate the temperature of the superheated vapor.