A fuel injector interface device and associated method include an interface device having a plurality of input leads and a plurality of output leads. The input leads are communicatively linked to the fuel pressure sensor on the common rail of a vehicle fuel injection system. The output leads are communicatively linked to a display device such as a diagnostic scope. Circuitry positioned within the interface device detects the rail pressure signals, filters the signals, and outputs data to the display device representing a graphical depiction of the same. A method of using the interface device includes generating the signals, mapping the signals to an individual fuel injector of the vehicle's engine cylinder and determining fluctuations in the strength of the displayed signals to determine anomalies in a particular fuel injector.

A dual fluid injection system which comprises a liquid fuel metering device, a fluid delivery device, and apparatus providing an interface therebetween. The interface conveys liquid fuel along a flow path from the metering device to a mixing zone for mixing with air from a pressurized supply to provide an air-fuel mixture for injection by the fluid delivery device into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. The flow path may involve a directional change by way of a turn section. The flow path is sized such that liquid fuel is retained therein by virtue of capillary action, whereby a quantity of liquid fuel is retained after a delivery event such that the flow path remains substantially filled with liquid fuel in readiness for the next delivery event during operation of the engine.

A valve system of a vehicle includes: a housing that is electrically conductive and made of a metal and that includes: an inlet configured to receive a fluid; an outlet configured to output the fluid; and a fluid channel fluidly connecting the inlet and the outlet; a pintle disposed within the housing and that is electrically conductive and made of a metal; a ball that is mechanically fastened to the pintle, that is configured to close the outlet, and that is electrically conductive and made of a metal; an armature that is mechanically fastened to the pintle, that is disposed within the housing, and that is electrically conductive and made of a metal; a solenoid coil that is disposed within the housing and that surrounds the pintle; and an electrically insulative material configured to insulate the pintle from the housing.

An electrical connector includes two lateral mounting bush. A knock sensor which delivers data representative of the operation of a fuel injector is integrally overmoulded in one of the mounting bush. The knock sensor includes a piezoelectric member arranged between a base member and a seismic member.

Methods and systems are provided for monitoring a fuel injector of an internal combustion engine. In one embodiment, a method includes: receiving a set of feature data, the feature data sensed from a fuel injector during a fuel injection event; processing, by a processor, the set of feature data with a decision tree model to generate a prediction of a fault status; and selectively generating, by the processor, a notification signal based on the prediction.

A multilayer component is disclosed. In an embodiment, a multilayer component includes a main body having a plurality of alternately arranged ceramic layers and inner electrodes and at least two outer electrodes for electrically contacting the inner electrodes, wherein the at least two outer electrodes have a different polarity, and wherein the outer electrodes have a different geometric shape and/or a different size and/or a different arrangement at an outer surface of the main body for identifying the different polarity.

Embodiments of apparatus are disclosed for affecting working fluid flow in a system that delivers material between two locations by carrying the material in the working fluid. For example, embodiments of the disclosed apparatus may be used in an internal combustion engines to carry fuel droplets to a combustion area using air as the working fluid. The apparatus may include a passage including a funnel portion and tumble area that direct working fluid into a stratified stream. The stratified stream may include an outer boundary flow having a toroidal and/or helical flow characteristic and an inner flow carrying injected material that is bound by the outer flow.

An estimation unit estimates a fuel pressure on a discharge side of a high-pressure pump based on an amount of fuel injection with a fuel injection valve from a time point at which a detected fuel pressure changes from a higher status than a first pressure to a lower status, assuming that the fuel has not been discharged with the high-pressure pump. The determination unit determines that a relief valve is in an open status based on a dropping mode of the estimated fuel pressure and a dropping mode of the detected fuel pressure.

A fuel injector system includes an injector body having a proximal end and a distal end, the injector body defining a nozzle having an outlet. The injector system includes a spill valve fluidly connected to the outlet and having a spill valve member movable between an open position and a closed position. The injector system includes a control valve including a control valve member movable between an open position and a closed position. The injector system includes a check valve fluidly connected to the outlet, the control valve including a check valve needle movable between an open position and a closed position. The injector system also includes an electrical monitoring circuit configured to output a signal indicative of at least one of the open position or the closed position of the spill valve member.

A fuel injector interface device and associated method include an interface device having a plurality of input leads and a plurality of output leads. The input leads are communicatively linked to the fuel pressure sensor on the common rail of a vehicle fuel injection system. The output leads are communicatively linked to a display device such as a diagnostic scope. Circuitry positioned within the interface device detects the rail pressure signals, filters the signals, and outputs data to the display device representing a graphical depiction of the same. A method of using the interface device includes generating the signals, mapping the signals to an individual fuel injector of the vehicle's engine cylinder and determining fluctuations in the strength of the displayed signals to determine anomalies in a particular fuel injector.