Electrochemical actuators including a sealed electrolytic chamber with two or more electrodes disposed therein and associated reservoirs are described. In some embodiments, the electrochemical actuators include one or more rigid structures that are overmolded onto one or more electrodes to form the electrolytic chambers. In some embodiments, multiple rigid structures that are overmolded onto two or separate electrodes may be connected to form one or more electrolytic chambers with a desired configuration of electrodes contained therein. Manufacturing methods and structures related to the formation of an array of electrochemical actuators are also described.

A system includes a pressure exchanger (PX). The PX is coupled to a motor that controls an operating speed of the PX. The system further includes a condenser. An outlet of the condenser is fluidly coupled to a first inlet of the PX. The system further includes a pressure gauge. The pressure gauge is configured to provide first pressure data. The first pressure data is indicative of a pressure of a fluid of the condenser. The system further includes a first controller configured to cause the motor to adjust the operating speed of the PX. The first controller causes the motor to adjust the operating speed of the PX based on the first pressure data.

A system includes a pressure exchanger (PX). The PX is coupled to a motor that controls an operating speed of the PX. The system further includes a condenser. An outlet of the condenser is fluidly coupled to a first inlet of the PX. The system further includes a pressure gauge. The pressure gauge is configured to provide first pressure data. The first pressure data is indicative of a pressure of a fluid of the condenser. The system further includes a first controller configured to cause the motor to adjust the operating speed of the PX. The first controller causes the motor to adjust the operating speed of the PX based on the first pressure data.

A system includes a pressure exchanger (PX) configured to receive a first fluid at a first pressure and a second fluid at a second pressure and exchange pressure between the first fluid and the second fluid. The system further includes a condenser configured to provide corresponding thermal energy from the first fluid to a corresponding environment. The system further includes a first ejector to receive a first gas and increase pressure of the first gas to form the second fluid at the second pressure. The first ejector is further to provide the second fluid at the second pressure to the PX.

A system includes a pressure exchanger (PX) configured to receive a first fluid at a first pressure and a second fluid at a second pressure and exchange pressure between the first fluid and the second fluid. The system further includes a condenser configured to provide corresponding thermal energy from the first fluid to a corresponding environment. The system further includes a first ejector to receive a first gas and increase pressure of the first gas to form the second fluid at the second pressure. The first ejector is further to provide the second fluid at the second pressure to the PX.

Systems, methods, and devices for energy storage are provided. A system for energy storage includes a thermomechanical-electrical conversion subsystem for converting energy formats and a mechanical and thermal storage unit for storing energy formats. The thermomechanical-electrical conversion subsystem includes a storage subsystem including a compressor and a first thermal energy exchanger and a generation subsystem including a power generator and a second thermal energy exchanger. The storage subsystem compresses a fluid to generate compressed fluid and thermal energy. The generation subsystem generates power from the compressed fluid and the thermal energy. The mechanical and thermal storage unit includes a pressure vessel for storing the compressed fluid and a thermal energy storage for storing the thermal energy generated by the fluid compression and for providing the thermal energy to the generation subsystem for generating power.

A magnetic motor apparatus provides increased mechanical output. The apparatus includes a propulsion unit positioned in a guide sleeve adjacent a stabilizer section. A stabilizer section frame houses a drive gear and gearbox positioned on opposite interior surfaces of the frame. The gear and gearbox receive mechanical input from a drive shaft rotationally disposed in the gear and gearboxes. The mechanical input is then transferred to first and second threaded gears of the propulsion unit. Each of the first and second threaded gears are affixed to a respective one of a first and second translatable cylinder. Sets of magnets each impregnated on faces of the first and second translatable cylinders are disposed facing one another. Rotation of the drive shaft provides a mechanical input to the first and second translatable cylinders that are configured to actuate continuous propulsion from the interactions of the magnets while travelling along a threaded shaft.

A system includes a pressure exchanger (PX) configured to receive a first fluid at a first pressure, receive a second fluid at a second pressure, and exchange pressure between the first fluid and the second fluid. The first fluid is to exit the PX at a third pressure and the second fluid is to exit the PX at a fourth pressure. The system further includes a first heat exchanger configured to provide the first fluid to the PX and provide corresponding thermal energy from the first fluid to a third fluid. The system further includes a turbine configured to receive the third fluid output from the first heat exchanger. The turbine is further configured to convert corresponding thermal energy of the third fluid into kinetic energy.

A system includes a pressure exchanger (PX) configured to receive a first fluid at a first pressure, receive a second fluid at a second pressure, and exchange pressure between the first fluid and the second fluid. The first fluid is to exit the PX at a third pressure and the second fluid is to exit the PX at a fourth pressure. The system further includes a first heat exchanger configured to provide the first fluid to the PX and provide corresponding thermal energy from the first fluid to a third fluid. The system further includes a turbine configured to receive the third fluid output from the first heat exchanger. The turbine is further configured to convert corresponding thermal energy of the third fluid into kinetic energy.

A fluid handling system includes a pressure exchanger (PX) configured to receive a first fluid at a first pressure and a second fluid at a second pressure and exchange pressure between the first fluid and the second fluid. The system further includes a condenser configured to provide corresponding thermal energy from the first fluid to a corresponding environment. The system further includes a receiver to receive the first fluid output by the PX. The receiver forms a chamber to separate the first fluid into a first gas and a first liquid. The system further includes a first booster to increase pressure of a portion of the first gas to form the second fluid at the second pressure and provide the second fluid at the second pressure to the PX.