The present invention provides an improved high-low hydraulic system for compacting machinery, such as balers, horizontal balers, compactors, transfer station compactors, and the like. The high-low hydraulic system comprises at least one double rotary pump, a plurality of directional control valves, a pilot-operated back pressure reducing valve, a flow control valve, a plurality of one-way valves, and a plurality of pressure switches. The high-low hydraulic system may be regenerative or non-regenerative and provides many advantages over conventional hydraulic systems. Such advantages include greater system efficiency due to a reduced back pressure during the time of the retraction stroke and clever flow sequencing, mitigation of hydraulic shocks at the beginning and end of compaction and retraction strokes, and reduced cycle time of the cylinder during operation due to the concurrent filling of the rod end side during decompression of the blind end side after the compaction stroke. Moreover, the present high-low hydraulic system allows for the cylinder to operate at three or more independent speeds. Additionally, the present high-low hydraulic system may also comprise an accumulator and pressure transducer that further assist with substantially maintaining a predetermined hydraulic pressure on the blind end side after the completion of the compaction stroke.

A method for stopping a submersible pump when the pump is snoring, wherein the pump is operatively connected to a control unit. The method includes regulating, by way of the control unit, the operational speed of the pump in order to direct an average power of the pump towards a predetermined set level. The method includes determining whether the instantaneous power of the pump is outside a predetermined range, by monitoring at least one of the parameters: power [P], current [I] and power factor [cos ϕ].The method further includes determining whether the operational speed of the pump is increasing, and stopping the pump due to snoring, by way of the control unit, when the instantaneous power of the pump is determined as being outside the predetermined range at the same time the operational speed of the pump is determined as increasing.

The pump systems (pump+driver) used in a pump station are selected based on the type of fluid or batch. The selection is of the more efficient pump systems for that batch. Less efficient pumps are avoided. When a new batch is detected, the selection is performed again for that new batch, which may result in a different combinations of pump systems for a given pump station. If variable speed pump drives are available, the efficiency at the desired speed is used for selection. The cost of energy (utilities) by pump station may alternatively or additionally be used to select the speed or combination of pump systems. The pump station and pipeline operation is optimized for efficiency of pump systems and/or cost of energy (utilities) for the different pump systems based on pipeline inventory and local utilities tariffs.

The pump systems (pump+driver) used in a pump station are selected based on the type of fluid or batch. The selection is of the more efficient pump systems for that batch. Less efficient pumps are avoided. When a new batch is detected, the selection is performed again for that new batch, which may result in a different combinations of pump systems for a given pump station. If variable speed pump drives are available, the efficiency at the desired speed is used for selection. The cost of energy (utilities) by pump station may alternatively or additionally be used to select the speed or combination of pump systems. The pump station and pipeline operation is optimized for efficiency of pump systems and/or cost of energy (utilities) for the different pump systems based on pipeline inventory and local utilities tariffs.

A solar powered pump that maximizes available energy usage under variable insolation conditions is disclosed. It also permits the integration of parameters such as minimum flow control, set point operation, etc., without the use of additional sensors, thereby reducing the overall cost of the system.

An air-cooled heat exchanger (ACHE) for cooling process fluids used in an industrial process. In one embodiment, the ACHE is configured as a forced-draft ACHE. A support structure supports the forced draft ACHE above grade. A tube bundle is supported by the structure and is configured to receive process fluids used in an industrial process. A plenum is connected to the support structure, positioned beneath the tube bundle and configured to direct air-flow through the tube bundle. A fan is supported by the support structure and positioned beneath the plenum. Rotation of the fan produces an air-flow that is directed through the tube bundle by the plenum. A fan drive system is supported by the support structure, positioned beneath the fan and comprises a permanent magnet motor comprising a motor casing, a stator and a rotatable shaft, the rotatable shaft being connected to the fan.

An air-cooled heat exchanger (ACHE) for cooling process fluids used in an industrial process. In one embodiment, the ACHE is configured as a forced-draft ACHE. A support structure supports the forced draft ACHE above grade. A tube bundle is supported by the structure and is configured to receive process fluids used in an industrial process. A plenum is connected to the support structure, positioned beneath the tube bundle and configured to direct air-flow through the tube bundle. A fan is supported by the support structure and positioned beneath the plenum. Rotation of the fan produces an air-flow that is directed through the tube bundle by the plenum. A fan drive system is supported by the support structure, positioned beneath the fan and comprises a permanent magnet motor comprising a motor casing, a stator and a rotatable shaft, the rotatable shaft being connected to the fan.

A method is provided of controlling a pump including a electrical motor coupled to a rotor which carries first and second impellers at opposite ends thereof. The method includes: (a) driving the rotor using the motor, so as to circulate fluid from the first impeller through a first fluid circuit, the second impeller, a second fluid circuit, and back to the first impeller; (b) determining a resistance of the first fluid circuit, based on a first motor parameter which is a function of electrical power delivered to the motor; (c) determining a flow rate through the first fluid circuit based on a second motor parameter which is a function of electrical power delivered to the motor; and (d) varying at least one operational parameter of the pump so as to maintain a predetermined relationship between the flow rate and the resistance of the first fluid circuit.

The invention relates to a pump control method for the control of the operation of a pump system with at least two pump assemblies (2) which are arranged parallel or in series to one another. The method includes determining a specific total power E.sub.S of the complete pump system which defines a total power in relation to a hydraulic total load of the complete pump system, determining a specific individual power E.sub.P,n of each pump assembly (2) which defines an individual power in relation to the individual hydraulic load of the respective pump assembly (2), computing an individual load factor E.sub.gain,n for each pump assembly (2) according to the equation $E_{\mathrm{gain},n}=\frac{E_S}{E_{P,n}}$
and adapting the individual hydraulic load (Q.sub.n; H.sub.n) of the pump assemblies (2) in dependence on a desired hydraulic load (Q.sub.D; H.sub.D) as well as on the individual load factor E.sub.gain,n of the respective pump assembly (2).

A pump is provided with a housing and with an upstream inlet and a downstream outlet and a fluid channel with a channel axis, said fluid channel being arranged between the inlet and outlet. A rotor which can be brought into rotation by way of a motor is arranged within the fluid channel. Furthermore, a sensor arrangement is provided which can detect an inclination of the rotation axis of the rotor.