A pneumatic and manual clutch of a power winch provides an option of controlling the clutch by a manual or pneumatic method, and the pneumatic control method just needs to connect a pump connector of an air pump to a pneumatic connector the clutch properly to start or stop the air pump even when a user is standing at a position far from the power winch and the clutch can be turned on and off by starting or stopping the air pump, and either a cable or wireless remote control can be used to start or stop the air pump, so as to provide a very convenient operation.

A pneumatic and manual clutch of a power winch provides an option of controlling the clutch by a manual or pneumatic method, and the pneumatic control method just needs to connect a pump connector of an air pump to a pneumatic connector the clutch properly to start or stop the air pump even when a user is standing at a position far from the power winch and the clutch can be turned on and off by starting or stopping the air pump, and either a cable or wireless remote control can be used to start or stop the air pump, so as to provide a very convenient operation.

A driving mode control method and apparatus of a hybrid electric vehicle are provided. The driving mode control method includes decreasing a torque of an engine when a first driving mode in which both the engine and a first motor are driven is switched to a second driving mode driven by the first motor and applying a torque of a second motor. A clutch is then opened when a difference between the engine torque and the second motor torque is less than a first threshold torque.

A driving mode control method and apparatus of a hybrid electric vehicle are provided. The driving mode control method includes decreasing a torque of an engine when a first driving mode in which both the engine and a first motor are driven is switched to a second driving mode driven by the first motor and applying a torque of a second motor. A clutch is then opened when a difference between the engine torque and the second motor torque is less than a first threshold torque.

A selectable one way clutch includes a reverse strut pocket plate having a first plurality of struts or pawls, a reverse notch and forward strut pocket plate having a second plurality of struts or pawls, a selector plate disposed between the plates controlled by a selector plate actuator and a forward notch plate. The reverse notch and forward strut pocket plate includes a plurality of ratchet teeth disposed about its periphery which cooperate with a pin or pushrod of a linear actuator. When the reverse notch plate and forward strut pocket plate is stationary but the one way clutch is still carrying torque, the linear actuator may be actuated to rotate the reverse notch plate and forward strut pocket plate to unlock or release the torque carrying struts which would otherwise remain in their locked torque transmitting positions until all or substantially all torque across the clutch was removed.

A selectable one way clutch includes a reverse strut pocket plate having a first plurality of struts or pawls, a reverse notch and forward strut pocket plate having a second plurality of struts or pawls, a selector plate disposed between the plates controlled by a selector plate actuator and a forward notch plate. The reverse notch and forward strut pocket plate includes a plurality of ratchet teeth disposed about its periphery which cooperate with a pin or pushrod of a linear actuator. When the reverse notch plate and forward strut pocket plate is stationary but the one way clutch is still carrying torque, the linear actuator may be actuated to rotate the reverse notch plate and forward strut pocket plate to unlock or release the torque carrying struts which would otherwise remain in their locked torque transmitting positions until all or substantially all torque across the clutch was removed.

A plurality of inductive loads (105) are connectable in parallel with one another between first and second terminals (120, 125), to which a controllable voltage (205) is applied. A method (300, 400) for operating the loads (105) includes the steps of detecting (305, 405) the connection of a previously non-energized load (105) between the terminals (120, 125); setting (310, 410, 435) the voltage (205) to a predetermined first value (210), and, after the lapse of a predetermined time interval (315, 415), adjusting the voltage (205) to a predetermined second value (215), with the second value (215) being lower than the first value (210).

A vehicle is provided with a mechanical oil pump (O/P) that is driven by a motor/generator (MG), an electric oil pump (M/O/P) that is driven by a sub-motor (S/M) and a second clutch (CL2) that transmits the drive force of the motor/generator (MG) to left and right drive wheels (LT, RT). When an accelerator pedal is depressed while a brake pedal is still depressed, an integrated controller (10) drives the electric oil pump (M/O/P) before the brake pedal is released, and oil pressure supplied to the second clutch (CL2) is increased.

A hydraulic cylinder has a cylinder housing in which is formed a pressure chamber variably bounded on one side by a piston of a piston subassembly that is longitudinally displaceable. A piston rod is rigidly connected with the piston, wherein the piston has an outer contour, which permits tilting of the piston subassembly in the cylinder housing, and a projection, which is at the pressure chamber side and on which a sealing element is centered and retained by a retaining ring. The sealing element has an encircling sealing lip that slidably and sealably bears against a sliding surface of the cylinder housing. The retaining ring is provided on the side thereof opposite from the sealing element with a stiffened prolongation.

A hydraulic cylinder has a cylinder housing in which is formed a pressure chamber variably bounded on one side by a piston of a piston subassembly that is longitudinally displaceable. A piston rod is rigidly connected with the piston, wherein the piston has an outer contour, which permits tilting of the piston subassembly in the cylinder housing, and a projection, which is at the pressure chamber side and on which a sealing element is centered and retained by a retaining ring. The sealing element has an encircling sealing lip that slidably and sealably bears against a sliding surface of the cylinder housing. The retaining ring is provided on the side thereof opposite from the sealing element with a stiffened prolongation.