A damper assembly has a longitudinal axis and includes a damper housing with a side wall portion and an end wall portion defining a damping chamber containing a quantity of damping fluid. A photon source and a photon receptor are operatively disposed in optical communication with the non-gaseous damping fluid in the damping chamber. The photon source is operable to direct a photon through the non-gaseous damping fluid toward an associated target surface. The photon receptor is operable to receive the photon reflected off the associated target surface through the non-gaseous damping fluid. A sensor suitable for such use as well as spring and damper assemblies and suspension systems are also included.

A damper assembly has a longitudinal axis and includes a damper housing with a side wall portion and an end wall portion defining a damping chamber containing a quantity of damping fluid. A photon source and a photon receptor are operatively disposed in optical communication with the non-gaseous damping fluid in the damping chamber. The photon source is operable to direct a photon through the non-gaseous damping fluid toward an associated target surface. The photon receptor is operable to receive the photon reflected off the associated target surface through the non-gaseous damping fluid. A sensor suitable for such use as well as spring and damper assemblies and suspension systems are also included.

Provided is a rotary damper that can be easily changed in specifications and can be improved in economic efficiency by an existing rotary damper that can be continued to be used. A rotary damper 100 includes a main housing 101. The main housing 101 includes a module mounting portions 108 for detachably mounting the other functional module 200 to 500. The functional modules 200 to 500 respectively have module rotors 206, 306, 406 and 506 which are rotationally driven by receiving a rotational driving force from the outside, and module output portions 206b, 307a, 407a and 507a formed to be connectable to a main rotor 110, in module housings 201, 301, 401 and 501. Further, the functional modules 200 to 500 include input adjustment mechanisms 205, 305, 405 and 505 having a function of changing at least one of characteristics of the rotational driving force and modes of transmission of the rotational driving force, between the module rotors and the module output portions.

In view of the above, there has been described a load compensator including one or more tension spring assemblies that are contained within a tubular housing when tension from a load is applied to the tension spring assemblies. When the load compensator includes more than one tension spring assembly, the tension spring assemblies are mechanically connected to each other in series and stacked in-line with each other in the housing. In a preferred construction, each of the tension spring assemblies includes elastomeric tension elements mounted between two disks, and the tubular housing includes a tube having threaded ends and caps that screw onto the tube.

In view of the above, there has been described a load compensator including one or more tension spring assemblies that are contained within a tubular housing when tension from a load is applied to the tension spring assemblies. When the load compensator includes more than one tension spring assembly, the tension spring assemblies are mechanically connected to each other in series and stacked in-line with each other in the housing. In a preferred construction, each of the tension spring assemblies includes elastomeric tension elements mounted between two disks, and the tubular housing includes a tube having threaded ends and caps that screw onto the tube.

A gas pressure spring comprising a housing having a gas-filled interior, a longitudinal axis, a closed housing end and an open housing end which is situated opposite the closed housing end. The gas pressure spring additionally includes a piston rod which is displaceable along the longitudinal axis and is guided out of the housing in a sealed manner through the open housing end, a piston unit which is fastened on the piston rod and a damping unit for damping the displacement of the piston unit.

An over-loading protection pressing device adapted for pressing an object includes a housing, a pressing head and a protection portion. The housing has a clamping portion fixed thereon. The pressing head protrudes from the housing, and the pressing head is configured for pressing the object. The protection portion is configured to be received in the housing and coupled to the pressing head via a supporting pole. The protection portion is clamped by the clamping portion. When a pressure along a lengthwise direction of the housing is in a predetermined range, the clamping portion is clipped on a first position of the protection portion; when the pressure is over a predetermined range, the clamping portion can move from the first position to a second position.

A variable damping assembly includes a base, a supporting member, a damping member, and an elastic member. The supporting member is positioned on the base. The damping member is rotatably coupled to the supporting member and presses against the housing. The elastic member includes a first end and a second end opposite to the first end. The first end of the elastic member is coupled to the supporting member and the second end of the elastic member is coupled to the housing. The elastic member provides an elastic force and the damping member provides a damping force changed as the elastic force changes.

A damper for a rotor hub for a rotorcraft can include a housing, a piston resiliently coupled to the housing with a first elastomeric member and a second elastomeric member, a plurality of conical members, a fluid, and an orifice.

A vehicle spring assembly includes a cylindrical hollow cover defining an opening at each end. A spring is disposed within the cover, and fittings disposed at each end of the cover are configured to contain the spring within the cover. Each fitting defines an aperture. An elongated damper extends in part within the spring along a direction of elongation. The damper includes a pair of opposing end sections each extending through and projecting from the aperture of one of the fittings. Each end section defines a groove. One end section is connectable to a vehicle tailgate, and the other end section is connectable to a vehicle body. Fasteners securing the fittings to the cover are disposed adjacent the grooves defined in the damper end sections.