A method and a system for starting an internal combustion engine (ICE) having a crankshaft and an electric turning machine (ETM) operatively connected to the crankshaft are disclosed. An absolute angular position of the crankshaft related to a top dead center position of a piston in a combustion chamber of the ICE is determined. Electric power is delivered to the ETM at a first level to rotate the crankshaft. Electric power is then delivered to the ETM at a second level greater than the first level when the piston reaches a predetermined position before the TDC position. Fuel is injected in the combustion chamber after the piston has passed beyond the TDC position. The fuel is then ignited. In an implementation, the ICE is started in less than 110 degrees of rotation of the crankshaft.

A method for starting an internal combustion engine (ICE) having a crankshaft and an electric turning machine (ETM) operatively connected to the crankshaft is disclosed. The method includes: sensing a voltage of a capacitance connected to the ETM and configured to power the ETM; detecting a rotation of the crankshaft resulting from an actuation of a recoil starter; in response to detecting the rotation of the crankshaft, determining if an assisted start condition is met; in response to the assisted start condition being met, delivering power from the capacitance to the ETM and the ETM assisting the recoil starter; in response to the assisted start condition not being met, continuing to turn the crankshaft with the recoil starter without assistance from the ETM; determining if the ICE has started; and in response to the ICE being started, delivering power from the ETM to the capacitance.

A transmission module for a hybrid drive vehicle adapted to be interposed between an internal combustion engine and a vehicle transmission has a tray-like support structure defining a housing for a decoupling clutch and adapted to be fixed to the internal combustion engine. A module drive is carried by the support structure and has a first transmission member adapted to be connected to the decoupling clutch by means of a torsional vibration damper and has a second transmission member adapted to be connected to an electric machine. The torsional vibration damper has an actuator defining a centering with respect to the crankshaft and to a transmission torque converter and has a seat for a support bearing with respect to the support structure.

A bicycle rear wheel sprocket arrangement comprises a carrier sprocket and a self-supporting sprocket cluster connected to the carrier sprocket on the outboard side in a connection region of the carrier sprocket. The sprocket arrangement comprises a plurality of further sprockets which are designed as sprocket rings. The sprocket rings are each arranged on the carrier sprocket in the connection region and each are connected to the carrier sprocket.

A vehicle includes an air-conditioning (AC) compressor, an engine, a belt-integrated starter generator (BISG), and a controller. The controller, responsive to detecting a first AC compressor engagement condition, compares a first AC torque demand that is required to engage the AC compressor with an available torque from the BISG. The controller further, responsive to the available torque being insufficient to engage the AC compressor, engages the AC compressor using the available torque from the BISG and an engine torque from the engine to compensate a torque shortfall between the AC torque demand and the available torque by retarding spark timing and increasing air intake.

Provided is a desulfurized rubber capable of producing a crosslinked rubber having an excellent mechanical strength. The desulfurized rubber contains a solvent-soluble rubber component A having a weight-average molecular weight of more than 260,000 and less than 600,000, and a solvent-insoluble rubber component B, wherein the content ratio of the rubber component B is less than 45% by mass of the total mass of the content a of the rubber component A and the content b of the rubber component B.

The present disclosure provides a pulley, comprising a cylindrical wall having an outer surface with a plurality of circumferential grooves configured to receive a corresponding plurality of ribs on an inner surface of an elastic belt, a web connected to an inner surface of the cylindrical wall, a central hub connected to the web, the central hub comprises a central opening sized to be press-fit onto a drive shaft, and a drive feature configured to mate with a drive tool, thereby facilitating rotation of the pulley using the drive tool.

Systems and methods for operating a hybrid powertrain or driveline that includes an engine and an integrated starter/generator are described. In one example, the integrated starter/generator may crank the engine via a pinion gear during a first engine start. The integrated starter/generator may crank the engine via a belt during a second engine start.

A chain measurement device (2) is a measurement device for measuring a slack amount of a chain wound around sprockets, and includes a main body portion (5) including an acceleration sensor (22) configured to detect acceleration in a gravitational direction, and an attachment portion (6) configured to attach the main body portion (5) to the chain. The acceleration sensor (22) is configured to detect acceleration in the gravitational direction in a case where the main body portion (5) attached to a chain is lifted upward within a range of a slack amount of the chain and then dropped.

A method for controlling a powertrain of a vehicle may include: controlling, by a controller, an engine of the vehicle to be operated when an ignition key of the vehicle is in an on state; and determining, by the controller, whether the controller generates a command changing a state of a clutch based on an operation state of the vehicle. The clutch connects or disconnects a crankshaft of the engine and a crankshaft pulley including the clutch. The crankshaft pulley is connected to a generator pulley and an air conditioner compressor pulley via a belt.