The present invention refers to a composite material that comprises carbon fiber or sheet made from polyacrylonitrile (PAN) or lignin being indicated for the manufacture of several articles such as high resistance pressure cylinder. Said material presents several advantages such as, for example, to provide improved screening to the articles that comprise it.

The referred composite comprises: a first inner layer of polytetrafluorethylene, covered by a second layer of high-density polyethylene, adhered to a third layer of composite containing carbon fiber or sheet made from polyacrylonitrile (PAN) or lignin immersed in cured epoxy resin from a polymeric matrix and a hardener; and a fourth outer layer of composite, comprising aramid fiber impregnated with a dilating fluid and cured epoxy resin from a polymeric matrix and a hardener.

In the vicinity of an opening end of a first liner constituent member and a second liner constituent member made of a resin material, a flange portion is formed. After end surfaces of the opening end are abutted and joined to each other, the flange portion is removed in such a way that a part of a bottom portion remains. The remaining amount of protrusion is set such that the joint strength of a joint portion is not less than the tensile strength of the resin material or not less than the cohesion failure strength of the joint portion.

Systems and methods for insulating vessels are disclosed. In one or more embodiments, the disclosure provides a vessel insulation system (e.g., for use with a reactor or pressure vessel), which includes a floating ring sized to circumscribe a top nozzle of a vessel; a plurality of straps connected to the floating ring, the plurality of straps extending downward from the floating ring and being positioned to run along a length of the outer shell of the vessel; and a plurality of segmented rings positioned to circumscribe the outer shell of the vessel and connected to the plurality of straps. The plurality of segmented rings is configured to support an insulation material circumscribing the outer shell of the vessel, which can provide effective securement of the insulation material around the outer shell without welding components on the vessel to secure the insulation material.

A fluid tank includes polymeric liner comprising an upper wall and a lower wall. The upper wall and the lower wall define a cavity therebetween. A weld joint joins the upper and lower walls together. A method for assembling a fluid tank includes overlapping surfaces of an upper wall and a lower wall to form a liner defining a cavity. The method includes joining the surface of the upper wall and the surface of the lower wall together by welding to form a weld joint between the upper wall and the lower wall. The method can include cooling the weld joint to control warpage of the liner at the weld joint.

A fluid tank includes polymeric liner comprising an upper wall and a lower wall. The upper wall and the lower wall define a cavity therebetween. A weld joint joins the upper and lower walls together. A method for assembling a fluid tank includes overlapping surfaces of an upper wall and a lower wall to form a liner defining a cavity. The method includes joining the surface of the upper wall and the surface of the lower wall together by welding to form a weld joint between the upper wall and the lower wall. The method can include cooling the weld joint to control warpage of the liner at the weld joint.

Plug for high-pressure processing machines with a bag, comprising a duct for the passage of a pressure-transmitting fluid to the bag, another duct for filling and emptying of a product to be pressurized and a valve. The plug is further provided with a rod for opening and closing the valve. Said rod is located in the duct for the product and has its own inner duct joined to a cleaning agent chamber for the passage of the cleaning agent through the product duct. The invention also relates to a machine incorporating said plug and a method for the processing of pumpable substances. Hygienic design and very high pressure sealing requirements are met by the invention.

Plug for high-pressure processing machines with a bag, comprising a duct for the passage of a pressure-transmitting fluid to the bag, another duct for filling and emptying of a product to be pressurized and a valve. The plug is further provided with a rod for opening and closing the valve. Said rod is located in the duct for the product and has its own inner duct joined to a cleaning agent chamber for the passage of the cleaning agent through the product duct. The invention also relates to a machine incorporating said plug and a method for the processing of pumpable substances. Hygienic design and very high pressure sealing requirements are met by the invention.

A fluid tank includes polymeric liner comprising an upper wall and a lower wall. The upper wall and the lower wall define a cavity therebetween. A weld joint joins the upper and lower walls together. A method for assembling a fluid tank includes overlapping surfaces of an upper wall and a lower wall to form a liner defining a cavity. The method includes joining the surface of the upper wall and the surface of the lower wall together by welding to form a weld joint between the upper wall and the lower wall. The method can include cooling the weld joint to control warpage of the liner at the weld joint.

A fluid tank includes polymeric liner comprising an upper wall and a lower wall. The upper wall and the lower wall define a cavity therebetween. A weld joint joins the upper and lower walls together. A method for assembling a fluid tank includes overlapping surfaces of an upper wall and a lower wall to form a liner defining a cavity. The method includes joining the surface of the upper wall and the surface of the lower wall together by welding to form a weld joint between the upper wall and the lower wall. The method can include cooling the weld joint to control warpage of the liner at the weld joint.

The method for producing a filled container of the present invention includes: providing a metal storage container, at least an inner surface of which is formed of a manganese steel and in which the inner surface has a surface roughness R.sub.max of 10 m or less; performing fluorination by bringing the inner surface of the storage container into contact with a gas containing at least one first fluorine-containing gas selected from the group consisting of ClF.sub.3, IF.sub.7, BrF.sub.5, F.sub.2, and WF.sub.6 at 50 C. or lower; purging the inside of the storage container with an inert gas; and filling the inside of the storage container with at least one second fluorine-containing gas selected from the group consisting of ClF.sub.3, IF.sub.7, BrF.sub.5, F.sub.2, and WF.sub.6.