A cryogenic refrigerator includes a displacer that is reciprocably mounted within a cylinder; a spool valve that is connected to the compressor and performs switching between an intake mode where a high-pressure refrigerant gas is supplied from the compressor to the cylinder and an exhaust mode where a low-pressure refrigerant gas within the cylinder is made to flow back to the compressor; and a drive unit that drives the spool valve. The spool valve has a valve body, and a drive rod that moves relative to the valve body and is integrated with the spool. The drive unit performs driving so that the magnitude of a speed when the drive rod moves from a top dead center to a bottom dead center is different from the magnitude of a speed when the drive rod moves from the bottom dead center to the top dead center, at the same displacement position.

A valve for applying an emergency brake of a rail vehicle includes a valve housing, an actuation member to be activated by a user, an actuation rod connecting the actuation member with a valve head, wherein the valve head is adapted to abut on a valve seat, a guidance for guiding the actuation rod being provided within the valve housing, and a first spring adapted to push the valve head against the valve seat, wherein the actuation rod includes a first groove and a second groove, and wherein a first following member is provided between the actuation rod and the guidance, being adapted to stably rest in the first groove or the second groove.

A system for regulating fluid flow having a processor configured to reduce image noise is provided. The system includes an image sensor to capture an image of the drip chamber. The processor captures the image of the drip chamber using the image sensor, performs an edge detection on the image to generate a first processed image, and performs an AND-operation on a pixel on a first side of an axis of the first processed image with a corresponding mirror pixel on a second side of the axis of the first processed image to generate a second processed image.

A system for regulating fluid flow having a processor configured to reduce image noise is provided. The system includes an image sensor to capture an image of the drip chamber. The processor captures the image of the drip chamber using the image sensor, performs an edge detection on the image to generate a first processed image, and performs an AND-operation on a pixel on a first side of an axis of the first processed image with a corresponding mirror pixel on a second side of the axis of the first processed image to generate a second processed image.

Apparatuses for controlling fluid flow are important components for delivering process fluids for semiconductor fabrication. These apparatuses for controlling fluid flow are formed with a variety of fluid flow components, including fluid flow components for mixing fluid flows. Fluid flow components for mixing flows utilize mixing elements configured to receive flows of two or more process fluid flows via fluid inlets, mix the fluid flow within the mixing element, and deliver mixed fluid to a down-stream fluid flow component or an outlet of an apparatus for controlling fluid flow.

A manual reset actuator includes a main drain, a diaphragm release aperture fluidly coupled to a flow control valve, an upper chamber, a control port, a control orifice, an upper chamber supply orifice, and a sealing assembly, which includes a button, and a plunger. A pressure in the upper chamber exerts a downward force on the plunger. A spring exerts an upward force on the plunger. The fluid in the upper chamber is released via the control orifice, which lowers the pressure in the upper chamber, decreasing the downward force exerted on the plunger. When the downward force is less than the upward force, the spring forces the plunger upwards into an open configuration, which unseals the diaphragm release aperture. When the upward force is less than the downward force, the plunger remains in a closed configuration, which keeps the diaphragm release aperture sealed.

A control device for a valve device can detect open/close state of the valve device without using limit switches. The valve device includes a diaphragm for opening and closing a flow path for flowing a fluid, a coil spring for biasing the diaphragm in the closing direction of flow path, a main actuator for driving it against the biasing force of the coil spring, and an adjusting actuator using a piezoelectric element for adjusting the opening degree of the flow path determined by the diaphragm. The controller detects the open/close state of flow path based on the voltage generated by the piezoelectric element of the adjusting actuator, and controls valve device using the detection signal.

A manual reset actuator is disclosed, which includes a main drain, a diaphragm release aperture fluidly coupled to a flow control valve, an upper chamber, a control port, a control orifice, an upper chamber supply orifice, and a sealing assembly, which includes a button, and a plunger. A pressure in the upper chamber exerts a downward force on the plunger. A spring exerts an upward force on the plunger. The fluid in the upper chamber is released via the control orifice, which lowers the pressure in the upper chamber, decreasing the downward force exerted on the plunger. When the downward force is less than the upward force, the spring forces the plunger upwards into an open configuration, which unseals the diaphragm release aperture. When the upward force is less than the downward force, the plunger remains in a closed configuration, which keeps the diaphragm release aperture sealed.

A method of manufacturing a valve body having one or more corrosion-resistant internal surfaces. The method involves performing a casting process, which includes pouring a first material into a mold box, to produce a valve body casting made of the first material. During the casting process, a layer of a second material is formed on one or more internal surfaces of the valve body casting, the second material having a higher corrosion resistance than the first material, by: (1) applying, with an additive manufacturing technique, the second material to one or more external surfaces of a core, and (2) inserting the core into the mold box. A portion of the first material binds to the second material on the one or more external surfaces of the core while the first material is poured into the mold box.

A device and method for dispensing a flowable medium has a housing with an interior space and a rod mounted in the housing that is movable between a first end position and a second end position and passes through a diaphragm mounted in a sealed manner in the housing radially on the outside and in the rod radially on the inside. The diaphragm divides the interior space into a first cavity and a second cavity separated from the first cavity in a fluid tight manner. The flowable medium can flow through at least one channel that opens into the first cavity, and is dispensed through a dispensing opening. A sealing section of the rod closes the dispensing opening in the first end position and is at a distance from the dispensing opening in the second end position. A pressure medium acts on the diaphragm in the second cavity.