A heat transfer element includes curved mounting surfaces configured to mate with an outer surface of a pipe for attachment thereto; and a channel configured to receive a tracer therein. The heat transfer element is configured to effect conductive heat transfer from the tracer to the pipe, or to process flowing through the pipe, when attached with heat transfer cement (HTC) to both the pipe and the tracer. A system includes a pipe and a tracer; HTC; and a heat transfer element having curved mounting surfaces configured to mate with an outer surface of the pipe and attached thereto via the HTC, and a channel in which the tracer is received and secured via HTC. The heat transfer element is configured to effect conductive heat transfer from the tracer to the pipe, or to process flowing through the pipe, when attached with HTC to both the pipe and the tracer.

A heat transfer element includes curved mounting surfaces configured to mate with an outer surface of a pipe for attachment thereto; and a channel configured to receive a tracer therein. The heat transfer element is configured to effect conductive heat transfer from the tracer to the pipe, or to process flowing through the pipe, when attached with heat transfer cement (HTC) to both the pipe and the tracer. A system includes a pipe and a tracer; HTC; and a heat transfer element having curved mounting surfaces configured to mate with an outer surface of the pipe and attached thereto via the HTC, and a channel in which the tracer is received and secured via HTC. The heat transfer element is configured to effect conductive heat transfer from the tracer to the pipe, or to process flowing through the pipe, when attached with HTC to both the pipe and the tracer.

A heat transfer element includes curved mounting surfaces configured to mate with an outer surface of a pipe for attachment thereto; and a channel configured to receive a tracer therein. The heat transfer element is configured to effect conductive heat transfer from the tracer to the pipe, or to process flowing through the pipe, when attached with heat transfer cement (HTC) to both the pipe and the tracer. A system includes a pipe and a tracer; HTC; and a heat transfer element having curved mounting surfaces configured to mate with an outer surface of the pipe and attached thereto via the HTC, and a channel in which the tracer is received and secured via HTC. The heat transfer element is configured to effect conductive heat transfer from the tracer to the pipe, or to process flowing through the pipe, when attached with HTC to both the pipe and the tracer.

A dispensing system is provided for heating a fluid in the dispensing system. A method for heating a fluid in a dispensing system is also provided.

This invention relates to a method for delivering humidified gas to a user or patient during respiratory gas ventilation support, such as, but not limited to, mechanical ventilation, continuous positive airway pressure breathing, and bi-directional positive airway pressure breathing; the method comprising the steps of heating a humidified gas from a humidified gas reservoir; transferring the heated humidified gas to a patient; receiving expired gas from a patient; heating the expired gas; and transferring the heated expired gas to a gas outlet; wherein the humidified gas and the expired gas are heated to different temperatures. Also disclosed is a humidified gas delivery system, which finds utility as a breathing circuit of a respiratory gas humidification system by delivering humidified gases to a user or patient during mechanical ventilation, continuous positive airway pressure breathing, bi-directional positive airway pressure breathing, or other mode of respiratory support provided to users or patients.

A pressure transmitter assembly for measuring a process pressure of an industrial process includes a pressure sensor configured to sense the process pressure. A process coupling couples the pressure sensor to the industrial process. In one example configuration, a phase change material carried in the process coupling is configured to reduce heat transfer from the industrial process to the process variable sensor by changing phase in response to heat from the industrial process. In another example configuration, a thermocouple electric cooling element is coupled to the process coupling and configured to conduct heat away from the coupling in response to an applied electric current.

A pressure transmitter assembly for measuring a process pressure of an industrial process includes a pressure sensor configured to sense the process pressure. A process coupling couples the pressure sensor to the industrial process using an elongate housing with a fill fluid capillary. In one example configuration, at least one thermoelectric element is included within the elongate housing to apply heat to, or conduct heat away from, the process coupling in response to an applied electric current or signal, allowing fill fluid to be preheated to facilitate cold startup or calibration, and providing cooling of the process coupling during high temperature operation.

A subsea switchgear for switching the power supply to plural subsea loads includes a subsea enclosure, to allow the deployment of the subsea switchgear at a subsea location; a power input for receiving AC electrical power from a power source; at least two power outputs for giving out AC electrical power; and a power distribution bus for distributing the received AC electrical power to the at least two power outputs. In at least one embodiment, between each power output and the power distribution bus, a contactor is connected which is controllable to connect or disconnect the respective power output from the power distribution bus.

An anti-ice buildup system for roof vent pipes that is easy to install and that prevents ice buildup in roof vent pipes. The anti-ice buildup system for roof vent pipes generally includes a first segment and a second segment extending downwardly from the first segment. At least a portion of the first segment is adapted to remain outside of a vent pipe and at least a portion of the second segment is adapted to extend downwardly through an upper opening in the vent pipe. The second segment is constructed of a thermal conductive material to conduct heat from the vent air and sunlight.

Embodiments for a cryohead heat transfer coupling as well as methods for extracting heat from an article using these couplings are provided. Couplings employ a component made from a material having a greater mean thermal coefficient of expansion than the mean thermal coefficient of other coupling components and of the article. As a result, differential contraction during cryocooling contributes a shrink fitting of a portion of the coupling resulting in enhanced thermal conduction when cooling and a releasing of the coupling when ambient temperature is restored.