Provided are vacuum-insulated articles comprising inner and outer tubes that define an evacuated space therebetween, one or both of the inner and outer tubes optionally comprising a flared region and a joint region that define a trough into which brazing or other material can be applied to facilitate sealing the inner and outer tubes to one another.

Provided are vacuum-insulated articles comprising inner and outer tubes that define an evacuated space therebetween, one or both of the inner and outer tubes optionally comprising a flared region and a joint region that define a trough into which brazing or other material can be applied to facilitate sealing the inner and outer tubes to one another.

The method for producing a filled container of the present invention includes: providing a metal storage container, at least an inner surface of which is formed of a manganese steel and in which the inner surface has a surface roughness R.sub.max of 10 m or less; performing fluorination by bringing the inner surface of the storage container into contact with a gas containing at least one first fluorine-containing gas selected from the group consisting of ClF.sub.3, IF.sub.7, BrF.sub.5, F.sub.2, and WF.sub.6 at 50 C. or lower; purging the inside of the storage container with an inert gas; and filling the inside of the storage container with at least one second fluorine-containing gas selected from the group consisting of ClF.sub.3, IF.sub.7, BrF.sub.5, F.sub.2, and WF.sub.6.

A dry ice receptacle is described. The dry ice receptacle includes a first portion defining a first opening, a second portion defining a second opening, and a curved exterior sidewall extending between the first portion and the second portion, and connecting the first portion and second portion, to define a receiving chamber arranged to contain a volume of dry ice. The dry ice receptacle also includes a curved interior sidewall extending between the first opening and the second opening. The interior sidewall is radially inward of the exterior sidewall and defines a straw channel, which may at least partially taper between the first opening and the second opening, and which is configured to receive a drinking straw. A fluid reservoir may also be included to allow accumulation of liquid under the straw channel.

A dry ice receptacle is described. The dry ice receptacle includes a first portion defining a first opening, a second portion defining a second opening, and a curved exterior sidewall extending between the first portion and the second portion, and connecting the first portion and second portion, to define a receiving chamber arranged to contain a volume of dry ice. The dry ice receptacle also includes a curved interior sidewall extending between the first opening and the second opening. The interior sidewall is radially inward of the exterior sidewall and defines a straw channel, which may at least partially taper between the first opening and the second opening, and which is configured to receive a drinking straw. A fluid reservoir may also be included to allow accumulation of liquid under the straw channel.

Described herein are aerosol-free vessels, delivery containers, systems and methods using same for providing improvements to precursor utilization in the containers for deposition process, as well as the cleaning and refilling of the containers. The clogging of valves and piping as some precursors decompose vapor are minimized. This invention prevents mist from forming and thus preventing clogging or wafer contamination from aerosols.

Described herein are aerosol-free vessels, delivery containers, systems and methods using same for providing improvements to precursor utilization in the containers for deposition process, as well as the cleaning and refilling of the containers. The clogging of valves and piping as some precursors decompose vapor are minimized. This invention prevents mist from forming and thus preventing clogging or wafer contamination from aerosols.

An inflatable structure for gas storage (such as carbon dioxide) includes an inner bladder containing a gas for storage and an outer wall spaced from the inner bladder. An intermediate space between the bladder and the outer wall is pressurized with a gas other than the storage gas (such as air) so that the structure is protected from environmental conditions such as wind and snow loading. A method of using the inflatable structure for storage of a storage gas includes using a blower to inflate the inner bladder with storage gas, and pressurizing the intermediate space with air to have a higher pressure than the inner bladder.

An inflatable structure for gas storage (such as carbon dioxide) includes an inner bladder containing a gas for storage and an outer wall spaced from the inner bladder. An intermediate space between the bladder and the outer wall is pressurized with a gas other than the storage gas (such as air) so that the structure is protected from environmental conditions such as wind and snow loading. A method of using the inflatable structure for storage of a storage gas includes using a blower to inflate the inner bladder with storage gas, and pressurizing the intermediate space with air to have a higher pressure than the inner bladder.

A tank manufacturing method includes the steps of (a) forming a reinforcing layer before hardening, (b) embedding at least a part of a label into the reinforcing layer before hardening, and (c) winding glass fiber with thermosetting resin before hardening impregnated so as to cover the label to form a surface layer before hardening. The step (a) includes (a1) forming an inner layer before hardening, and (a2) forming an outer layer before hardening having a cover rate lower than the inner layer before hardening and lower than 100%, the outer layer before hardening being arranged on the inner layer before hardening.