A storage tank includes a frame, tank assembly, and scrubber system. The tank assembly including a vessel supported by the frame and having a first end, a second end, and a polygonal sidewall extending from the first end to the second end. The vessel further having a top, a bottom, at least one side, and an internal surface, and an outlet fluidly coupled with the bottom; and a chemical-resistant lining associated with the internal surface of the sidewall and being substantially flexible. A scrubber tank is supported by the frame and fluidly connected to the vessel to receive vapors from the vessel in a way that when a vapor absorption material is disposed in the scrubber tank, the vapors pass into the vapor absorption material.

A storage tank includes a frame, tank assembly, and scrubber system. The tank assembly including a vessel supported by the frame and having a first end, a second end, and a polygonal sidewall extending from the first end to the second end. The vessel further having a top, a bottom, at least one side, and an internal surface, and an outlet fluidly coupled with the bottom; and a chemical-resistant lining associated with the internal surface of the sidewall and being substantially flexible. A scrubber tank is supported by the frame and fluidly connected to the vessel to receive vapors from the vessel in a way that when a vapor absorption material is disposed in the scrubber tank, the vapors pass into the vapor absorption material.

A method of adsorbing a highly reactive gas onto an adsorbent material comprising adsorbing the highly reactive gas to the adsorbent material. The adsorbent material comprises at least one Lewis basic functional group, or pores of a size to hold a single molecule of the highly reactive gas, or inert moieties which are provided to the adsorbent material at the same time at the same time as the highly reactive gas, prior to adsorbing the highly reactive gas or after adsorbing the highly reactive gas, or the highly reactive gas reacts with moieties of the adsorbent material resulting in passivation of the adsorbent material. A rate of decomposition of the adsorbed highly reactive gas is lower than a rate of decomposition for the neat gas at equal volumetric loadings and equal temperatures for both the adsorbed highly reactive gas and the neat gas.

A method of adsorbing a highly reactive gas onto an adsorbent material comprising adsorbing the highly reactive gas to the adsorbent material. The adsorbent material comprises at least one Lewis basic functional group, or pores of a size to hold a single molecule of the highly reactive gas, or inert moieties which are provided to the adsorbent material at the same time at the same time as the highly reactive gas, prior to adsorbing the highly reactive gas or after adsorbing the highly reactive gas, or the highly reactive gas reacts with moieties of the adsorbent material resulting in passivation of the adsorbent material. A rate of decomposition of the adsorbed highly reactive gas is lower than a rate of decomposition for the neat gas at equal volumetric loadings and equal temperatures for both the adsorbed highly reactive gas and the neat gas.

A method of filling a hydrogen-storage tank with a metal-organic framework (MOF) includes inserting MOF through an opening of the hydrogen-storage tank to at least partially fill an interior cavity of the tank with MOF. The method further includes positioning a compactor relative to the tank. The compactor includes a tamp configured to change shape between an insertion state in which the tamp is insertable through the opening and an expanded state in which the tamp is enlarged to be bigger than the opening. The method also includes inserting the tamp through the opening when the tamp is in the insertion state and switching the tamp from the insertion state to the expanded state. The method further includes compacting the MOF with the tamp.

Disclosed is a valve assembly and process for dispensing gas from a storage vessel that comprises a nozzle for discharging the gas. The valve assembly has a passage having a first end is in communication with the nozzle, and a second end in communication with an interior of the storage vessel where the gas is stored. A shut off valve is interposed in the passage for blocking or allowing gas to pass between said first end and the second end of the passage. A check valve may be secured in a bore of the nozzle to prevent accidental gas discharge.

A device and method for carbon dioxide capture using circumscribed hollow membranes is disclosed. The device includes a hollow membrane unit having an inner conduit composed of a vapor membrane, and an outer conduit having an inside surface circumscribing the inner conduit forming a lumen. The outer conduit includes a CO.sub.2 pump membrane. The device also includes a mechanical pump maintaining a pressure differential between the lumen and the atmosphere, providing a product stream of CO.sub.2-rich gas from the lumen. The vapor membrane is sufficiently hydrophobic and porous to contain liquid water while also allowing water vapor formed by evaporation to pass through into the lumen. As water vapor passes from the lumen to the atmosphere through the CO.sub.2 pump membrane, a carbon concentration gradient is formed and maintained across the CO.sub.2 pump membrane. The carbon concentration gradient actively pumps CO.sub.2 out of the atmosphere and into the lumen.

Clathrate hydrates and methods of their production and separation are described herein. Methods of using the clathrate hydrates for energy storage are also described herein. Further described herein are hydrogen storage devices.

Disclosed herein is a class of co-ordination framework materials having various useful properties. The co-ordination frameworks comprise complexes of M.sub.2[M(CN).sub.6] or A.sub.x(M.sub.2[M(CN).sub.6]), wherein M is selected from V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ag, Au, Zn, Ru, Rh, Pd and Pt; M is selected from Fe and Ru; A (when present) is located in the pores of the framework and is selected from Li.sup.+, Na.sup.+, K.sup.+, Be.sup.2+, Mg.sup.2+ and Ca.sup.2+; and x (when present) is 0<x8. Also disclosed are methods of making said materials and various uses of said materials.

A deformable reservoir for storing solid hydrogen, containing at least one compound that can absorb or release hydrogen, and wherein it includes at least two rigid bars each including a polymer liner defining at least one compartment for storing the compound and accommodated inside a reinforcing structure having globally the shape of a hollow cylinder closed at each of its longitudinal ends by a closing flange, a connection attached to the reinforcing structure of at least one of the bars so as to be sealed to the liner, a flexible union member joining two adjacent bars so as to allow the totality of the storage reservoir to be deformable in spite of the rigidity of each bar.