Disclosed are gas cylinder assemblies for containing pressurized gas. The gas cylinder assembly has a polymeric liner and a low-permeability barrier layer. The polymeric liner a first end portion, a second end portion and a central body. The central body comprises an outer surface and an inner surface disposed between the first end and the second end. The gas cylinder assembly comprises a reinforcement structure wound over the central body. The gas cylinder assembly further comprises a metal foil interposed between the reinforcement structure and central body. The metal foil is configured to reduce permeation of contents of the polymeric liner.

An underwater pipe including a metal reinforcing layer around an inner polymeric sealing sheath which may be in contact with hydrocarbons. The inner polymeric sealing sheath includes a polypropylene block copolymer or a mixture of polypropylene block copolymers, wherein the polypropylene block copolymer or the mixture has a density greater than 0.900 g/cm3, and a melt index measured at 230 C. under a mass of 2.16 kg of less than 10 g/10 minutes, its preparation method and its use for the transport of hydrocarbons. Such a sheath may be used in contact with hydrocarbons at high temperature.

An underwater pipe including a metal reinforcing layer around an inner polymeric sealing sheath which may be in contact with hydrocarbons. The inner polymeric sealing sheath includes a polypropylene block copolymer or a mixture of polypropylene block copolymers, wherein the polypropylene block copolymer or the mixture has a density greater than 0.900 g/cm3, and a melt index measured at 230 C. under a mass of 2.16 kg of less than 10 g/10 minutes, its preparation method and its use for the transport of hydrocarbons. Such a sheath may be used in contact with hydrocarbons at high temperature.

A storage system for temporary storage of a gas comprising a storage vessel configured to store a pressurized gas or liquid; at least one of a compressor configured to pressurize the gas and provide the pressurized fluid or a liquefaction apparatus operable to liquefy the gas to provide the liquid; and piping associated with one or more valves, wherein the piping and the associated one or more valves are configured to provide: (a) in a first configuration, inflow of the gas into the compressor or the liquefaction apparatus, wherein the compressor is configured to pressurize the inflowing gas to provide the pressurized fluid or wherein the liquefaction apparatus is configured to liquefy the inflowing gas to provide the liquid, and introduce the pressurized gas or the liquid into the temporary storage vessel; and (b) in a second configuration, outflow of the pressurized gas or liquid from the temporary storage vessel.

A fluid flow meter system for monitoring fluid flow through a lumen includes a first ultrasonic transducer configured to transmit one or more versions of a transmit (TX) signal through a fluid flowing within the lumen, and a second ultrasonic transducer configured to receive one or more respective receive (RX) signals. The fluid flow meter system includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) configured to sample, at a first frequency, the one or more RX ultrasonic signals and a processor configured to generate a fine resolution signal based on the one or more RX ultrasonic signals. The fine resolution signal is associated with a second sampling rate higher than the first sampling rate. The processor is also configured to compute a cross-correlation signal indicative of cross-correlation between the fine resolution signal and a waveform and determine an estimated fluid flow parameter based on the computed cross-correlation signal.

A particle focusing system includes an inlet; an inertial focusing microchannel disposed in a substrate and connected to the inlet; and a pressure/flow source configured to drive a particle-containing fluid through the inertial focusing microchannel, where the inertial focusing microchannel includes a side wall having an irregular surface. The side wall includes a first irregularity protruding from a baseline surface away from a longitudinal axis of the inertial focusing microchannel. Alternatively or additionally, the first irregularity and the baseline surface form an angle more than or equal to 135 degrees. The inertial focusing microchannel may have a substantially rectangular cross-section having a height and a width, and a ratio of height to width is approximately 5:4 to 4:1. The system may also include a downstream expanding region having a side wall, where the side wall has a stepped surface.

A particle focusing system includes an inlet; an inertial focusing microchannel disposed in a substrate and connected to the inlet; and a pressure/flow source configured to drive a particle-containing fluid through the inertial focusing microchannel, where the inertial focusing microchannel includes a side wall having an irregular surface. The side wall includes a first irregularity protruding from a baseline surface away from a longitudinal axis of the inertial focusing microchannel. Alternatively or additionally, the first irregularity and the baseline surface form an angle more than or equal to 135 degrees. The inertial focusing microchannel may have a substantially rectangular cross-section having a height and a width, and a ratio of height to width is approximately 5:4 to 4:1. The system may also include a downstream expanding region having a side wall, where the side wall has a stepped surface.

Multiphase flowmeters and related methods having asymmetrical flow therethrough are disclosed. An example method includes configuring an inlet manifold, a first flowline, and a second flowline to decrease a gas fraction in a first fluid flow through the first flowline and increase a gas fraction in a second fluid flow through the second flow line; flowing the first fluid flow through the first flowline and flowing the second fluid flow through the second flow line; and determining at least one of 1) a first water liquid ratio of the first fluid flow through the first flowline; 2) a first liquid flow rate of the first fluid flow through the first flow line; or 3) a first gas flow rate of the first fluid flow through the first flow line.

A proppant discharge system includes a container having an outlet formed at a bottom thereof, a gate affixed at the outlet and positioned on the floor of the container so as to be movable between a first position covering the outlet to a second position opening the outlet, a support structure having the container positioned on the top surface thereof. The support structure has at least one actuator affixed thereto. The actuator is positioned so as to move the gate between the first position and the second position. The container has a cage affixed on the floor thereof in a position over the outlet. The gate is positioned within the cage and is movable by the actuator so as to open the gate so as to allow proppant to be discharged therefrom.

A proppant discharge system includes a container having an outlet formed at a bottom thereof, a gate affixed at the outlet and positioned on the floor of the container so as to be movable between a first position covering the outlet to a second position opening the outlet, a support structure having the container positioned on the top surface thereof. The support structure has at least one actuator affixed thereto. The actuator is positioned so as to move the gate between the first position and the second position. The container has a cage affixed on the floor thereof in a position over the outlet. The gate is positioned within the cage and is movable by the actuator so as to open the gate so as to allow proppant to be discharged therefrom.