Methods and apparatus for measuring the melt depth of a substrate during pulsed laser melting are provided. The apparatus can include a heat source, a substrate support with an opening formed therein, and an interferometer positioned to direct coherent radiation toward the toward the substrate support. The method can include positioning the substrate with a first surface in a thermal processing chamber, heating a portion of the first surface with a heat source, directing infrared spectrum radiation at a partially reflective mirror creating control radiation and interference radiation, directing the interference radiation to a melted surface and directing the control radiation to a control surface, and measuring the interference between the reflected radiation. The interference fringe pattern can be used to determine the precise melt depth during the melt process.

An optical redirection adapter for an electronic device having a camera includes a housing. An optical element is attached to the housing and positioned such that, when the adapter is attached the electronic device, the optical element is positioned in the camera's field of view. The optical element reflects light in the camera's field of view from a redirection angle that is offset from the camera's field of view. The optical redirection adapter facilitates ergonomically sound use of the camera.

Systems and methods to provide multiple channels of light to form a blended white light output, the systems and methods utilizing recipient luminophoric mediums to alter light provided by light emitting diodes. The predetermined blends of luminescent materials within the luminophoric mediums provide predetermined spectral power distributions in the white light output.

Systems and methods to provide multiple channels of light to form a blended white light output, the systems and methods utilizing recipient luminophoric mediums to alter light provided by light emitting diodes. The predetermined blends of luminescent materials within the luminophoric mediums provide predetermined spectral power distributions in the white light output.

A optically transmissive component is configured within a light fixture to provide benefits in brightness uniformity and visual appearance with the use of a light scattering extension portion that provides light scattering of light emitted from near an input edge of a light guide or other edgelit optical element. The sequential propagation of light through both the extension portion and main portion of the optically transmissive component significantly reduces the higher brightness and uneven “hotspotting” type visual defects typically produced near the input edge of an edgelit optical system. With appearance constraints removed or reduced, edgelit light fixtures with higher output, higher efficacy, and/or simplified edgelit optical components are enabled. Embodiments include the use of the extension portion of the optically transmissive component extension to mechanically position and retain an edgelit optical element within a light fixture.

Lighting system including bowl reflector, visible-light source, central reflector, and optically-transparent body. Bowl reflector has central axis, and rim defining emission aperture, and first visible-light-reflective surface defining portion of cavity in bowl reflector. First visible-light-reflective surface includes parabolic surface. Visible-light source is located in cavity and configured for generating visible-light emissions from semiconductor light-emitting device. Central reflector includes second visible-light-reflective surface, having convex flared funnel shape and having first peak facing toward visible-light source. Optically-transparent body has first base being spaced apart from second base and having side wall extending between first and second bases. Concave flared funnel-shaped surface of second base faces toward convex flared funnel-shaped second visible-light reflective surface of central reflector. First base includes central region having convex paraboloidal-shaped surface and second peak facing toward visible-light source.

A color conversion member, a backlight unit and a display device are discussed. The color conversion member including a reflection partition wall and color conversion material is disposed between a light source and a light path control sheet, so that the thickness of the backlight unit can be reduced, and the wavelength conversion function and the light guide function can be easily implemented by the color conversion member. In addition, by adjusting the thickness of the reflection partition wall and the thickness of the color conversion material, or by adjusting the structure of a light source protection layer located under the color conversion member, it is possible to easily implement various optical properties needed according to the backlight unit without increasing the thickness of the backlight unit.

A color conversion member, a backlight unit and a display device are discussed. The color conversion member including a reflection partition wall and color conversion material is disposed between a light source and a light path control sheet, so that the thickness of the backlight unit can be reduced, and the wavelength conversion function and the light guide function can be easily implemented by the color conversion member. In addition, by adjusting the thickness of the reflection partition wall and the thickness of the color conversion material, or by adjusting the structure of a light source protection layer located under the color conversion member, it is possible to easily implement various optical properties needed according to the backlight unit without increasing the thickness of the backlight unit.

Apparatus and associated methods relate to an energy efficient and pollution reducing post top lamp. In an illustrative example, a replaceable light unit (RLU) includes a LED package distributed about a first axis of the RLU. The LED package, for example, may emit a light being redirected by a first optical element to generate a first optical distribution along a first optical axis in a first direction, the first optical axis being substantially parallel to the first axis. The first optical distribution may be, for example, reflected by a second optical element such that at least a portion of the light in the first optical distribution may be reflected into a second optical distribution. For example, at least fifty percent of the light in the second optical distribution may be greater than fifty degrees from the first optical axis. Various embodiments may advantageously conserve energy and/or reduce light pollution.

The purpose of the present invention is to realize a lighting device which can be switched between an overall lighting and a local lighting with a single lighting device. The concrete structure is a lighting device including: a first light guide having a first major surface and a first back surface, and a first hole; a second light guide, disposed on the first light guide, and having a second major surface, a second back surface, and a second hole; a reflection sheet disposed under the first back surface of the first light guide; a liquid crystal lens disposed above the second major surface of the second light guide, in which first LEDs and second LEDs are disposed circumferentially along a side wall of the first hole and a side wall of the second hole, respectively, and the first LEDs and the second LEDs are displaced each other in azimuth direction.