A solid state lamp includes a connector and a bulb portion with multiple strips.

A vehicle lamp includes a light source provided on one surface of a board and a light guide body that guides light emitted from the light source, the light guide body has an incidence section located on a side of the light guide body facing the one surface of the board, an emitting section located on a side opposite to the side facing the one surface of the board, and a light guide section located between the incidence section and the emitting section, and the light guide section has a portion that extends across inside and outside a region where the light guide body overlaps with the board when seen in a plan view, that extends at an outer side of the region, and that extends from one side toward the other side of the board in at least a thickness direction of the board.

There are provided a light emitting unit using a wavelength conversion member which may be put to practical use, and a display and a lighting apparatus which include the light emitting unit. The light emitting unit includes: a light source; an optical part including a light incident surface, the light incident surface facing the light source; a wavelength conversion member provided between the light source and the light incident surface; and a holding member holding the wavelength conversion member at a position between the light source and the light incident surface of the optical part.

There are provided a light emitting unit using a wavelength conversion member which may be put to practical use, and a display and a lighting apparatus which include the light emitting unit. The light emitting unit includes: a light source; an optical part including a light incident surface, the light incident surface facing the light source; a wavelength conversion member provided between the light source and the light incident surface; and a holding member holding the wavelength conversion member at a position between the light source and the light incident surface of the optical part.

LED related lighting methods and apparatus are described. Various features relate to water tight light fixtures. Some of the fixtures are spotlights while other fixture are intended for in ground use. The light fixtures in at least some embodiments include power control features. In spotlight embodiments beam angle and power or light output can be controlled without opening the light assembly or compromising the water tight seals which also protect against dirt. In ground embodiments support tilt angle setting which allow a user to set the light fixture to one or more tilt angles. Beam angle can also be changed in some embodiments as well as power control. Beam angle, power control and tilt angle adjustments are supported in some embodiments but need not be supported in all embodiments with some embodiments using one or more of the described features but not all features.

LED related lighting methods and apparatus are described. Various features relate to water tight light fixtures. Some of the fixtures are spotlights while other fixture are intended for in ground use. The light fixtures in at least some embodiments include power control features. In spotlight embodiments beam angle and power or light output can be controlled without opening the light assembly or compromising the water tight seals which also protect against dirt. In ground embodiments support tilt angle setting which allow a user to set the light fixture to one or more tilt angles. Beam angle can also be changed in some embodiments as well as power control. Beam angle, power control and tilt angle adjustments are supported in some embodiments but need not be supported in all embodiments with some embodiments using one or more of the described features but not all features.

A biological lighting system to provide temporally- and spatially-modulated photon flux output and spectral power distributions to plants on a circadian and circannual basis, or circadian and life cycle basis, to maximize effective and efficient growth in a horticultural setting. The photon flux or irradiance output and the spectral power distribution are modulated to match circadian and circannual rhythms, with individual or multiple luminaires controlled through one or more controllers. Different lighting spectra can be employed depending on the direction of illumination. The photon flux or irradiance output and the spectral power distribution may be set as best suited for any particular plant species, and the system is also useful for raising animals.

A mounting structure of a primary optical element for a vehicle headlamp, comprising a primary optical element, a mounting bracket for mounting the primary optical element, and a cover plate connected to the mounting bracket; the primary optical element, the mounting bracket, and the cover plate are provided with positioning limiting structures for limiting the degree of freedom of the primary optical element; the positioning limiting structures comprise an up-down positioning limiting structure provided on the primary optical element, the mounting bracket and the cover plate, as well as a left-right positioning limiting structure and a front-back positioning limiting structure provided on the primary optical element and the mounting bracket. Also disclosed are a vehicle lamp and a vehicle comprising the mounting structure of a primary optical element for a vehicle headlamp.

A solid state lamp includes a connector and a bulb portion with multiple strips.

A solid state lamp includes a connector and a bulb portion with multiple strips.