A circulating fluidized bed apparatus, comprising a circulating fluidized bed furnace 10 with an outer furnace wall 10r and at least one heat exchange chamber 20, which is friction-locked to a section of the outer furnace wall 10r, as well as a platform PL which extends horizontally and at a distance to an upper ceiling 10c of said heat exchange chamber 20, wherein the heat exchange chamber 20 is further supported by at least one leverage 50, which is arranged onto said platform PL and extends from a first end 50f, pivotally mounted to the outer furnace wall 10r, away from said furnace wall 10r to a second end 50s, and a fastener 60 extending downwardly from said second end 50s of said leverage 50 to a part of the heat exchange chamber 20 offset the outer furnace wall 10r.

A heat exchanger includes a shell, and a tube assembly disposed in the shell, the tube assembly including at least one tube, wherein the tube has a pair of end sections having a first diameter and a central section extending between the end sections having a second diameter that is greater than the first diameter.

Material handling systems for fluids are disclosed herein. The fluid may be a liquid, solution, slurry, or emulsion. The systems receive as inputs the fluid, steam, and water. These feed into a surge tank where additives can be introduced. The steam and water are used to control some physical properties and enable the distribution of the fluid as desired. In particular embodiments, the system is useful for handling materials to be sent to a dual-phase fuel feeder for combustion in a fluidized-bed boiler, the energy being used to generate electricity or in various production processes.

A circulating fluidized bed boiler is described, comprising a furnace, a loopseal, and a loopseal heat exchanger arranged in the loopseal. The loopseal heat exchanger comprises walls limiting an interior of the loopseal heat exchanger, a first particle outlet for letting out particulate material from the loopseal heat exchanger, an inlet for receiving bed material, heat exchanger tubes arranged in the interior of the loopseal heat exchanger, and a first ash removal channel configured to let out ash from the loopseal heat exchanger. An ash cooler is configured to receive ash from the first ash removal channel. In the loopseal heat exchanger the first ash removal channel is arranged at a lower level than the first particle outlet.

The present invention describes a device for controlling cooling of a heat transfer solid supplying or withdrawing heat to or from a unit carrying out globally endothermic or exothermic reactions respectively. The exchange bundle of said device is in a triangular pattern.

A watertube panel portion for a fluidized bed reactor and a corresponding method. The watertube panel portion includes multiple parallel metal tubes having a tube length L1, an outer surface, an original outer diameter OD1, and an original wall thickness WT1, and a circumferentially extending recess formed in a central portion of each of the tubes, between first and second end portions. The recess has a constant depth D that is less than the wall thickness WT1. The recess encircles the outer surface of the central portion of the metal tube. A circumferentially extending metal coating has a constant thickness of at most the depth D of the recess to blanket the recess of each of the multiple metal tubes. A fin is continuously welded between each pair of adjacent tubes.

Aspects provide for volatilizing a biomass-based fuel stream, removing undesirable components from the resulting volatiles stream, and combusting the resulting stream (e.g., in a kiln). Removal of particles, ash, and/or H2O from the volatiles stream improves its economic value and enhances the substitution of legacy (e.g., fossil) fuels with biomass-based fuels. Aspects may be particularly advantageous for upgrading otherwise low-quality biomass to a fuel specification sufficient for industrial implementation. A volatilization reactor may include a fluidized bed reactor, which may comprise multiple stages and/or a splashgenerator. A splashgenerator may impart directed momentum to a portion of the bed to increase bed transport via directed flow.

At least one aspect of the technology provides a self-contained processing facility configured to convert organic, high water-content waste, such as fecal sludge and garbage, into electricity while also generating and collecting potable water.

The present invention relates to an independent power generating method using water pressure and vapor, and a generating device thereof, which: sequentially circulate water by using a head drop of water and high-pressure vapor so as to continuously generate power, and generate power with a natural head drop caused by the gravity of water and, simultaneously, produce power with vapor; and naturally increase, condense, and reuse the vapor so as to hardly waste water resources such that power can be efficiently generated by efficiently rotating water wheels connected to an electric generator.

The present invention relates to an independent power generating method using water pressure and vapor, and a generating device thereof, which: sequentially circulate water by using a head drop of water and high-pressure vapor so as to continuously generate power, and generate power with a natural head drop caused by the gravity of water and, simultaneously, produce power with vapor; and naturally increase, condense, and reuse the vapor so as to hardly waste water resources such that power can be efficiently generated by efficiently rotating water wheels connected to an electric generator.