An annular superheater element for superheating steam within firetubes of firetube boilers comprising concentric inner and outer tubes and a specially designed return end cap. Saturated steam introduced into the outer tube of said superheater element is superheated while traveling towards the burner end of the tube, is directed into the inner tube by means of the return end cap, and travels away from the burner side of the element where it is exhausted for use as superheated steam. While traversing the inner tube, the superheated steam gives off heat energy through the wall of the inner tube to the steam traveling in the outer tube towards the burner end of the tube, conserving energy. The improved superheater element produces superheated steam more efficiently, with less fuel, and steam capable of doing more work, than conventional superheater elements and can be used to retrofit existing firetube type boilers.

Embodiments provide a combustion structure that can achieve stable combustion by addressing the aforementioned drawbacks in the prior art such as low flame stability, backfire, deflagration, blockage and/or any other drawbacks. The combustion chamber structure in accordance with the disclosure can include: a grate structure including a first set of elongated components, a fire retention structure including a second set of elongated components. The first set of first elongated components can be arranged along an axial direction within the combustion chamber structure. The second set of elongated components can be arranged along the axial direction in a same direction as the first elongated components. The second set of elongated components can be configured to generate a negative pressure zone within the combustion chamber. The first set of elongated components can form apertures that can be aligned with apertures formed by the second set of elongated components.

A triphase organic matter pyrolysis system includes multiple devices cooperating with each other. The feeding device delivers organic matters into the preheating device. The preheated organic matters are delivered into the pyrolysis and carbonization reaction device. The steam generating device produces a saturated steam which is delivered into the water ion generating device which heats the saturated steam into a superheated steam which is dissociated into water ions which are delivered into the pyrolysis and carbonization reaction device. The water ions cut, dissociates and carbonizes the organic matters to form carbon residues and gas-liquid wastes. The heat energy is recycled by the heat recycle device and is delivered into the preheating device. The gas-liquid wastes are processed by the gas-liquid separation device and the gas purifying device to form gas and liquid that are harmless.

The invention relates a combined cycle power plant with a gas turbine, a shaft connecting a compressor to a turbine, and a first generator, a heat recovery steam generator fluidly connected to the exhaust of the gas turbine.

A waste treatment system 100 for performing a hydrothermal treatment of wastes includes a hydrothermal treatment device 10 for performing the hydrothermal treatment by bringing steam into contact with the wastes, a storage facility 8, 9 for storing a fuel produced from a reactant of the hydrothermal treatment, and a heat recovery steam generator 18 for generating the steam to be supplied to the hydrothermal treatment device 10. The heat recovery steam generator 18 is configured to generate the steam by using a combustion energy generated by combustion of the fuel stored in the storage facility 8, 9.

A waste treatment system 100 for performing a hydrothermal treatment of wastes includes a hydrothermal treatment device 10 for performing the hydrothermal treatment by bringing steam into contact with the wastes, a storage facility 8, 9 for storing a fuel produced from a reactant of the hydrothermal treatment, and a heat recovery steam generator 18 for generating the steam to be supplied to the hydrothermal treatment device 10. The heat recovery steam generator 18 is configured to generate the steam by using a combustion energy generated by combustion of the fuel stored in the storage facility 8, 9.

An apparatus for raising the temperature of superheated steam includes an inlet into which superheated steam is introduced, a body to raise the temperature of the superheated steam heated by an external heat source and introduced through the inlet, and an outlet provided inside the body and discharging the superheated steam temperature-raised by the body to the outside, in which an inner surface of a sidewall of the body is formed with an inner protrusion for heating the superheated steam while spirally rotating the superheated steam. The Apparatus enhances the flow of superheated steam in the process of raising the temperature by further heating superheated steam caused by waste heat generated in a waste combustion apparatus or the like, and at the same time, increases the area of contact of the superheated steam with a heat source to improve the temperature-raising efficiency.

An apparatus for raising the temperature of superheated steam includes an inlet into which superheated steam is introduced, a body to raise the temperature of the superheated steam heated by an external heat source and introduced through the inlet, and an outlet provided inside the body and discharging the superheated steam temperature-raised by the body to the outside, in which an inner surface of a sidewall of the body is formed with an inner protrusion for heating the superheated steam while spirally rotating the superheated steam. The Apparatus enhances the flow of superheated steam in the process of raising the temperature by further heating superheated steam caused by waste heat generated in a waste combustion apparatus or the like, and at the same time, increases the area of contact of the superheated steam with a heat source to improve the temperature-raising efficiency.

A high-pressure instant steam generator is disclosed. The steam generator unit comprises a HP unit, a HP water-band heater, an evaporator, a super heater, and at least a spray gun attachment. The high-pressure unit comprises a main pump for supplying a liquid from a storage tank in case of independent unit. The HP water band heater connected to the HP unit via a needle valve and a first manifold. The evaporator connected to the band heater via a second manifold and a check-valve, configured to convert the liquid into steam at a saturation point. The super heater connected to the evaporator via a check-valve, configured to heat the generated steam to the saturated temperature. The high-pressure steam attachment or spray gun connected to the super heater via a fourth manifold, configured to spray the generated high-pressure steam for sanitizing the surface the surface of the object being treated.

A method and a device for generating superheated steam from a working medium, which includes the following steps: feeding of a working medium in the liquid phase to a specific heating tube and temperature regulation of the specific heating tube. Furthermore, the specific heating tube is temperature-regulated with a defined amount of thermal energy, as a result of which superheated steam is formed in the specific heating tube from the working medium fed in the liquid phase, the superheated steam then departing from the specific heating tube.