A reactor for a mixture of fluids that can react with each other exothermically, the reactor combining the properties of heat transfer and porosity, and having a first chamber wherein reacted fluids are maintained above the reaction temperature threshold, a second chamber disposed adjacent to the first chamber, wherein unreacted fluids enter the second chamber at a temperature that is below a reaction temperature threshold that is necessary for reaction of the fluids to occur, the fluids flowing in a second direction, opposite the first direction and a porous wall disposed between the first chamber and a second chamber, allowing portions of the unreacted fluids from the second chamber to seep into the reacted fluids of the first chamber, thereby heating the seeped fluids, causing the seeped fluids to react, the reaction increasing the temperature of the reacted fluid.

A flameless cooking apparatus for use with liquid fuels and for indoor or outdoor use under field operations. The burner exhibits low CO and hydrocarbon emissions and meets standards for burner thermal efficiency when used with JP-8 fuel. The apparatus employs a catalytic burner having among its parts (i) a combustion catalyst; (ii) a conductive surface, e.g., cooking surface; and (iii) in between the catalyst and the conductive surface and in direct physical contact with both surfaces, a heat spreader for conductively transferring heat of combustion from the catalyst to the conductive surface. Also claimed are a method of heat flux and a method of cooking.

A furnace for performing an endothermic process, comprising tubes containing catalyst for converting gaseous feed, wherein tubes are positioned inside the furnace in rows parallel to refractory walls along X axis, wherein burners are mounted either to the furnace floor or to the furnace ceiling, inner burners being mounted in rows between the rows of tubes and outer burners being mounted in rows between tubes rows and the wall along X axis, and close to said wall along X axis, wherein the outer burners are positioned such that the distance b2w between the outer burner and the wall along X axis is smaller than or equal to equivalent burner nozzle diameter b of said outer burner (b2w /b1).

A furnace for performing an endothermic process, comprising tubes containing catalyst for converting gaseous feed, wherein tubes are positioned inside the furnace in rows parallel to refractory walls along X axis, wherein burners are mounted either to the furnace floor or to the furnace ceiling, inner burners being mounted in rows between the rows of tubes and outer burners being mounted in rows between tubes rows and the wall along X axis, and close to said wall along X axis, wherein the outer burners are positioned such that the distance b2w between the outer burner and the wall along X axis is smaller than or equal to equivalent burner nozzle diameter b of said outer burner (b2w /b1).

A catalytic burner arrangement is provided including at least a catalytic burner unit with a housing having a reaction chamber in which a catalyst is arranged, wherein the catalyst is adapted to react a fuel, particularly a hydrogen containing fluid, with an oxidant, particularly air, for producing heat, the housing having a fluid inlet for supplying a fluid stream into the housing and a find outlet for exiting a fluid stream from the housing, and the catalytic burner arrangement further includes a mixing unit forming a mixing chamber in which fuel and oxidant are mixed, wherein the mixing device includes a fuel inlet, an oxidant inlet and an fuel-oxidant-mixture outlet, and wherein the fluid inlet of the catalytic burner unit merges with the fuel-oxidant-outlet of the mixing unit for transferring the fuel-oxidant-mixture from the mixing chamber to the reaction chamber of the catalytic burner unit wherein the fuel-oxidant-outlet of the mixing chamber is pipe-shaped and extents into the mixing chamber of the mixing unit, and wherein a length of the pipe-shaped fuel-oxidant-outlet extents over the oxidant inlet and/or the fuel inlet.

A catalytic burner arrangement is provided including at least a catalytic burner unit with a housing having a reaction chamber in which a catalyst is arranged, wherein the catalyst is adapted to react a fuel, particularly a hydrogen containing fluid, with an oxidant, particularly air, for producing heat, the housing having a fluid inlet for supplying a fluid stream into the housing and a find outlet for exiting a fluid stream from the housing, and the catalytic burner arrangement further includes a mixing unit forming a mixing chamber in which fuel and oxidant are mixed, wherein the mixing device includes a fuel inlet, an oxidant inlet and an fuel-oxidant-mixture outlet, and wherein the fluid inlet of the catalytic burner unit merges with the fuel-oxidant-outlet of the mixing unit for transferring the fuel-oxidant-mixture from the mixing chamber to the reaction chamber of the catalytic burner unit wherein the fuel-oxidant-outlet of the mixing chamber is pipe-shaped and extents into the mixing chamber of the mixing unit, and wherein a length of the pipe-shaped fuel-oxidant-outlet extents over the oxidant inlet and/or the fuel inlet.

A catalytic burner arrangement including at least a catalytic burner unit with a housing having a reaction chamber in which a catalyst is arranged is provided wherein the catalyst is adapted to react a fuel, particularly a hydrogen containing fluid, with an oxidant, particularly air, for producing heat, the housing having a fluid inlet for supplying a fluid stream into the housing and a fluid outlet for exiting a fluid stream from the housing, and the catalytic burner arrangement further includes a mixing unit forming a mixing chamber in which fuel and oxidant are mixed, wherein the mixing device includes a fuel inlet, an oxidant inlet and an fuel-oxidant-mixture outlet, and wherein the fluid inlet of the catalytic burner unit merges with the fuel-oxidant-outlet of the mixing unit for transferring the fuel-oxidant-mixture from the mixing chamber to the reaction chamber of the catalytic burner unit wherein the fuel inlet of the mixing chamber is arranged upstream of the oxidant inlet of the mixing unit.

A catalytic burner arrangement including at least a catalytic burner unit with a housing having a reaction chamber in which a catalyst is arranged is provided wherein the catalyst is adapted to react a fuel, particularly a hydrogen containing fluid, with an oxidant, particularly air, for producing heat, the housing having a fluid inlet for supplying a fluid stream into the housing and a fluid outlet for exiting a fluid stream from the housing, and the catalytic burner arrangement further includes a mixing unit forming a mixing chamber in which fuel and oxidant are mixed, wherein the mixing device includes a fuel inlet, an oxidant inlet and an fuel-oxidant-mixture outlet, and wherein the fluid inlet of the catalytic burner unit merges with the fuel-oxidant-outlet of the mixing unit for transferring the fuel-oxidant-mixture from the mixing chamber to the reaction chamber of the catalytic burner unit wherein the fuel inlet of the mixing chamber is arranged upstream of the oxidant inlet of the mixing unit.

Embodiments of the present disclosure describe burner (10) configurations used in an industrial process to convert methane to olefins, aromatics, and nanoparticles/nanomaterials. Both a vitiated coflow burner and piloted turbulent burner with inhomogeneous inlets are disclosed.

Embodiments of the present disclosure describe burner (10) configurations used in an industrial process to convert methane to olefins, aromatics, and nanoparticles/nanomaterials. Both a vitiated coflow burner and piloted turbulent burner with inhomogeneous inlets are disclosed.