A pulverizing device includes: a housing; a pulverization table configured to rotate inside the housing; and a throat, disposed inside the housing on a radially outer side of the pulverization table, for forming an upward air flow. The throat includes: an inner ring extending along an outer periphery of the pulverization table; an outer ring, disposed on a radially outer side of the inner ring so as to form an annular flow passage between the inner ring and the outer ring; and a plurality of throat vanes disposed between the inner ring and the outer ring. The following expressions are satisfied: 2.0L/d4.0; and 0.5H/d1.5, where H is a gap between the inner ring and the outer ring with respect to a radial direction, L is a length of the throat vanes, and d is a distance between adjacent two of the throat vanes,

The present invention provides methods and system for power generation using a high efficiency combustor in combination with a CO.sub.2 circulating fluid. The methods and systems advantageously can make use of a low pressure ratio power turbine and an economizer heat exchanger in specific embodiments. Additional low grade heat from an external source can be used to provide part of an amount of heat needed for heating the recycle CO.sub.2 circulating fluid. Fuel derived CO.sub.2 can be captured and delivered at pipeline pressure. Other impurities can be captured.

The present invention provides methods and system for power generation using a high efficiency combustor in combination with a CO.sub.2 circulating fluid. The methods and systems advantageously can make use of a low pressure ratio power turbine and an economizer heat exchanger in specific embodiments. Additional low grade heat from an external source can be used to provide part of an amount of heat needed for heating the recycle CO.sub.2 circulating fluid. Fuel derived CO.sub.2 can be captured and delivered at pipeline pressure. Other impurities can be captured.

A gasification burner for a multiple-burner arrangement in an entrained-flow gasifier, in which the gasification burner extends along a main axis and in which the media for the gasification reaction in the gasification burner are guided in separate media channels and exit at the burner mouth in a direction having an angle to the main axis that is not zero. A vertical installation with an optimally adaptable flame shape is provided. Depending on the orientation of the burners, the flame shape is adaptable, whether it be a minimized total flame diameter for an initial slag formation of the cooling screen or an increase in the total twist of the total flame for an increased particle deposition on the reactor wall. The gasification burner with angled burner tips can be used as part of a retrofit.

A burner for a rotary kiln comprising an elongated tubular body (6) having a longitudinal axis (L) and a discharge end (7) adjacent a combustion zone comprising a flame, at least one fuel supply pipe for transporting and ejecting fuel through a fuel pipe outlet (10) at the discharge end (7), the fuel being alternative fuel or a mixture of alternative fuel and fossil fuel, and at the discharge end (7), a number of high speed primary air jet outlets for ejecting primary air and being arranged, when seen towards the discharge end, along a closed line, such as a circle, outwardly of the fuel outlet (10) and surrounding the fuel outlet,
wherein at least one of the primary air outlets and preferably a number of the primary air outlets comprise a single orifice outlet or a multiple orifice outlet forming a flat jet air outlet (11) having a major axis and a minor axis and being configured to eject a flat jet air stream (13) having a flat fan pattern with a predetermined fan angle v.

A method for online monitoring and determining the calorific value of a solid fuel that is currently combusted in a boiler, that includes: on-line measuring the operational data of the boiler and of at least one mill during the operation 10 of the boiler; collecting the historical data; calculating the energy balances of the steam production system; iteratively determining the efficiency of the boiler by: determining sets of mill characteristics, the fuel mass flux, and the actual calorific value of the fuel for the historical data; training a model based on artificial intelligence algorithms to predict the calorific value using the historical data and measured operational data; determining in real time, using the trained model, the calorific value of the solid fuel that is currently combusted.

A rotation-suspension smelting method, in which a powdered sulfide concentrate and an oxygen-containing gas are sprayed into a high-temperature reaction tower. The oxygen-containing gas is divided into two parts: the second oxygen-containing gas is sprayed in the form of an annular direct flow into the reaction tower and forms a bell-shaped wind curtain; and the first oxygen-containing gas is transformed into a rotation-jet and jetted into the center of the wind curtain. In the space between the gas flows, the concentrate entering in a direction deviated towards the center is drawn in the rotation-jet, and a high-temperature off-gas is sucked in, forming a gas-particle mixed two-phase rotation-jet. The sulfide concentrate is ignited, at the same time, a melt containing matte (or metal) and slag is formed; and the matte (or metal) is separated from the slag at the bottom of the reaction tower, completing the metallurgical process.

This invention provides a system and method for efficiently and completely combusting oil in mixture with particulate solids. A furnace (kiln) having a feed nozzle with a lead screw drives the mixture from a feed hopper. This nozzle includes forced-air jets/ports at its tip providing makeup air and allowing atomization of the mixture. The nozzle thereby directs the mixture into a rotating combustion chamber that is tilted downwardly from the front toward a solid waste outlet port at the rear. Uncombusted fuel and air backflow to an upper, secondary chamber near the primary chamber front, and are completely combusted at a high temperature. Gasses exit a flue that can include a heat exchanger. This heat exchanger can be operatively connected to a heating device or other mechanism that converts the heat into usable energy. The nozzle can include a cone with axially tilted air ports about its perimeter.

A wear resistant substrate including a metal substrate having a surface, a reinforcing support attached to the surface and cured reaction products of an inorganic curable composition disposed over and through the reinforcing support and bonded to the surface. Also a method of enhancing the wear resistance of a metal surface by attaching a reinforcing support to the surface; disposing an inorganic curable composition over and through the reinforcing support and into contact with the surface; and curing the composition.

A wear resistant substrate including a metal substrate having a surface, a reinforcing support attached to the surface and cured reaction products of an inorganic curable composition disposed over and through the reinforcing support and bonded to the surface. Also a method of enhancing the wear resistance of a metal surface by attaching a reinforcing support to the surface; disposing an inorganic curable composition over and through the reinforcing support and into contact with the surface; and curing the composition.