A method of capturing soot includes the steps: combusting a first precursor in a burner to produce a soot stream, the soot stream comprising soot and exiting the burner at an outlet; and directing a capture medium to the soot stream, the capture medium contacting the soot in an impact region, the soot having a temperature greater than 50° C. in the impact region.

A method of capturing soot includes the steps: combusting a first precursor in a burner to produce a soot stream, the soot stream comprising soot and exiting the burner at an outlet; and directing a capture medium to the soot stream, the capture medium contacting the soot in an impact region, the soot having a temperature greater than 50° C. in the impact region.

A flow directing apparatus for directing fluid flow includes a flow body defining a bore therethrough configured and adapted to direct fluid flowing therethrough. The bore includes an outlet and an opposed inlet with an enlargement, formed as a countersink and/or a chamfer using a suitable boring device. The enlargement is configured and adapted to reduce sensitivity to entrance-edge conditions for the bore.

A micro-mixer bundle assembly and a combustor and a gas turbine having the same are provided. The micro-mixer bundle assembly includes a plurality of micro-mixers, each of the plurality of micro-mixers including an inlet portion formed on one side and through which a first fluid is introduced and a feed hole formed in a circumferential wall and through which a second fluid is fed, wherein the first fluid introduced through the inlet portion and the second fluid fed through the feed hole are mixed to form a fluid mixture which is injected into a combustion chamber, and a plurality of micro-mixer bundles, each of the plurality of micro-mixer bundles including the plurality of micro-mixers arranged therein, wherein a cross-sectional shape of an outlet of the micro-mixers disposed in one of the micro-mixer bundles is different from a cross-sectional shape of an outlet of the micro-mixers disposed in the other micro-mixer bundles.

Provided is a boiler for heating fluid by a heat generation unit including heat generation bodies in a container, the boiler being able to moderately heat fluid according to various situations while heat generated by the heat generation bodies can be efficiently utilized. A boiler for heating fluid by using heat generated by heat generation bodies includes the heat generation bodies and a container having the heat generation bodies inside and configured such that the inside of the container is filled with gas with higher specific heat than that of air. The boiler includes a controller configured to control a heat generation amount of the heat generation body under a situation where the gas has been supplied into the container.

A motor controller for a burner system includes an inverter that supplies current to a motor that rotates a draft inducer fan. A processor is coupled to the inverter and receives a signal from a system controller, and in response instructs the inverter to supply a first current, during a first period, to the motor to rotate the fan to produce a first mass flow through the burner system, the first mass flow having a first mass flow rate greater than a threshold to actuate a vacuum switch. The processor then instructs the inverter to supply a second current, during a second period starting at an expiration of the first period, to the motor to rotate the fan to produce a second mass flow through the burner system, the second mass flow having a target mass flow rate for normal operation of the burner.

A burner assembly for a cooktop includes a housing defining a first group of radially-spaced fuel outlets extending from an interior to an exterior of the housing, a first aperture extending through the housing and spaced outward of the first group of outlets, and a second group of radially-spaced fuel outlets extending from the interior to the exterior and spaced outward of the first aperture. A first switch assembly is mounted within the housing and includes a first pin extending upwardly through the first aperture to an end positioned above the housing. The end of the first pin is moveable in a first direction inward and outward with respect to the housing to control a direction of a first portion of a flow of fuel to the second group of outlets. A second portion of the flow of fuel is continuously directed to the first group of outlets.

A burner assembly for a cooktop includes a housing defining a first group of radially-spaced fuel outlets extending from an interior to an exterior of the housing, a first aperture extending through the housing and spaced outward of the first group of outlets, and a second group of radially-spaced fuel outlets extending from the interior to the exterior and spaced outward of the first aperture. A first switch assembly is mounted within the housing and includes a first pin extending upwardly through the first aperture to an end positioned above the housing. The end of the first pin is moveable in a first direction inward and outward with respect to the housing to control a direction of a first portion of a flow of fuel to the second group of outlets. A second portion of the flow of fuel is continuously directed to the first group of outlets.

Burner assemblies of flame-based detectors are configured to deliver decompressed mobile phase of supercritical fluid chromatography systems to the flame of a flame-based detector while providing for improved optimization of analyte response as well as enhanced flame stability during operation.

Burner assemblies of flame-based detectors are configured to deliver decompressed mobile phase of supercritical fluid chromatography systems to the flame of a flame-based detector while providing for improved optimization of analyte response as well as enhanced flame stability during operation.