A combustion/carbonizing system which comprises a base frame and a combustion chamber frame which is pivotably attached to the base frame. The combustion chamber frame defines an open top combustion chamber having a bottom perforated plate. A plenum is formed below the perforated plate for collecting biochar which passes therethrough. A first source of combustion air is supplied across the top of the combustion chamber while a second source of combustion air passes through the perforated plate into the combustion chamber. The combustion/carbonizing system is capable of operating in a continuous manner for combustion wood or waste material to the desired degree required by the end user for the purpose of reducing the volume of the material as well as the associated emissions while generating valuable char and boichar as an end product. For some applications, the combustion/carbonizing system may be operated to combust completely the wood or waste material.

The system for processing waste includes both a fixed bed reactor and a fluidized bed reactor. The fixed bed reactor receives a first waste material and produces a first set of reaction products. The fluidized bed reactor is adapted for receiving a second waste material and producing a second set of reaction products. The first and second sets of reaction products may be selectively and adjustably mixed to produce a mixed set of reaction products. At least one cyclone separator receives the reaction products and separates and collects solids (waxes) from the product stream. At least one condenser receives the product stream and removes a condensable liquids from the product stream. The condensable liquids are collected, and a gas-liquid separator removes any remaining liquid from the gas stream. The remaining gas is then output as gaseous product.

A thermochemical system & method may be configured to convert an organic feedstock to various products. A thermochemical system may include a solid material feed module, a reactor module, an afterburner module, and a solid product finishing module. The various operational parameters (temperature, pressure, etc.) of the various modules may vary depending on the desired products. The product streams may be gaseous, vaporous, liquid, and/or solid.

A method of operating an incinerator (100) for solid fuel, said incinerator (100) comprising a device (160) for separating ash from flue gas, which method comprises the step of collecting ash deposits originating from the flue gas comprising ash from the incinerator (100) resulting in collected ash; To improve the flowability of the ash collected, the method comprises the step of introducing a powdery additive material comprising i) clay and ii) calcium carbonate into the flue gas comprising ash wherein the flue gas comprising ash has at the location where the additive material is introduced a temperature of at least 700° C., wherein the additive is introduced with a rate R of at least 0.1 times the mass of ash in the stream of flue gas comprising ash.

A Waste-to-Energy plant comprising: an incineration chamber in which waste is combusted generating flue gas; an economizer heating feedwater using heat from the flue gas; an evaporator producing steam from the heated feedwater using heat from the flue gas; a steam drum receiving heated feedwater from the economizer and supplying heated feedwater, the steam drum receiving steam from the evaporator and supplying steam; and a superheater receiving and heating steam from the steam drum to a superheated steam using heat from the flue gas; the incineration chamber comprising a first PCM-wall and a second PCM-wall each comprising a plurality of pipes and a layer of PCM provided between the pipes and the incineration chamber, the pipes in the first PCM-wall receiving heated feedwater from the steam drum and producing additional steam therein and the pipes of the second PCM-wall additionally heating steam therein using radiant heat from the incineration chamber.

A Waste-to-Energy plant comprising: an incineration chamber in which waste is combusted generating flue gas; an economizer heating feedwater using heat from the flue gas; an evaporator producing steam from the heated feedwater using heat from the flue gas; a steam drum receiving heated feedwater from the economizer and supplying heated feedwater, the steam drum receiving steam from the evaporator and supplying steam; and a superheater receiving and heating steam from the steam drum to a superheated steam using heat from the flue gas; the incineration chamber comprising a first PCM-wall and a second PCM-wall each comprising a plurality of pipes and a layer of PCM provided between the pipes and the incineration chamber, the pipes in the first PCM-wall receiving heated feedwater from the steam drum and producing additional steam therein and the pipes of the second PCM-wall additionally heating steam therein using radiant heat from the incineration chamber.

A battery thermal treatment apparatus including, a thermal treatment part, in which a battery is transferred and thermally treated through a closed tube; and a gas handling part, which cools and performs dust collection of gas generated in the thermal treatment part, and, a method for battery thermal treatment and performing dust collection of thermal treatment gas, including, cooling and performing dust collection of gas generated during thermal treatment of a battery, which is transferred and in one direction through a closed tube, thermally treated at a temperature ranging from 400° C. to 1000° C., and discharged.

Methods and apparatuses can be configured to facilitate sorting of paper from garbage and/or single stream recycling and subsequently process that separated paper to remove the contaminants from the paper so that the paper is in an acceptable condition for recycling. In some embodiments, the apparatus and method may utilize at least one dryer device that is configured to heat the paper without combusting the paper to remove water from the paper. The dryer device can also be configured to mix the paper as it is dried while also removing particulate contaminants off of the paper to clean the thrown away paper sufficiently so that the paper is in a condition that is acceptable for recycling into a paper product (e.g. a cardboard box, paper plate, sheets of paper, etc.).

The embodiments described relate to an expeditionary solid waste disposal system configured to improve logistics and enable it to be readily deployed. The two-stage gasification/oxidation process takes place in a dual chambered device that resembles and functions as a shipping container. Incinerators or other waste conversion devices are commonly containerized by loading the equipment into a standard or modified shipping container. This apparatus is designed as a waste conversion unit that integrates all of the necessary features required to be an ISO-certified shipping container within its structural design such that the waste conversion system and shipping container are one and the same. With correct set-up by 2 persons aided by forklift the system can be configured and operational in a matter of hours.

The invention comprises: a) first comburent supplying means (18) connected to the lower part of the oxidation chamber, for introducing pressurized oxygenated gas in the oxidation chamber at a speed that comprises a tangential component; b) a particle recirculation system, which comprises: a particle separator (24) on the upper part of the oxidation chamber for trapping hot particles of ash and unburned material, and a transportation system (25) for transferring trapped particles from the particle separator (24) to the base of the oxidation chamber; and c) a gas recirculation system comprising: a sucker (26) for suctioning combustion gases from the upper part of the oxidation chamber, and pipes (27) for transferring the suctioned gases to the base of the oxidation chamber. It provides an optimized thermal transfer that reduces the emission of pollutants in waste recovery.