An apparatus for breaking apart a substance is provided. The apparatus includes a body configured to be selectively secured via a fastener between two surfaces of a container and to break apart the substance upon impact. At least a portion of the body is operative to drop towards a bottom surface of the container upon removal of the fastener so as to facilitate removal of the substance from the container.

A blocking prevention device for a gasification melting system combusts and melts an object to be treated into a slag in a melting furnace after the object to be treated is converted into pyrolysis gas in a gasification furnace, the blocking prevention device including: a slag adhesion prevention device having a slag adhesion prevention capability for preventing adhesion of the slag at an opening part that may be blocked due to the adhesion of the slag; an imaging device that images the opening part; and a control device including a calculation unit that calculates a change rate of an opening area of the opening part using a plurality of images with different capturing times or a video, captured by the imaging device, and a prevention device control unit that changes the slag adhesion prevention capabilities of a plurality of the slag adhesion prevention devices in accordance with the change rate.

An online monitoring device for fouling and slagging based on capacitance principle differential measurement includes multiple measuring devices arranged at the same height of the boiler heating surface. Each measuring device includes a fixed sleeve and a sensor, one end of the fixed sleeve is fixed on the boiler heating surface, the sensor is connected with the fixed sleeve through screw threads, the end of the sensor near the boiler is equipped with a measuring probe. When measuring the thickness of ash residue on the monitoring surface, three sets of the measuring devices are at the same height of the monitoring surface. Each sensor is adjusted at a different position in the corresponding fixed sleeve to realize the differential measuring on ash residue thickness. Thus, the thickness of ash residue on the monitoring surface can be calculated based on the measured capacitance by applying the capacitance formula of planar capacitor.

An apparatus for breaking apart a substance is provided. The apparatus includes a body configured to be selectively secured via a fastener between two surfaces of a container and to break apart the substance upon impact. At least a portion of the body is operative to drop towards a bottom surface of the container upon removal of the fastener so as to facilitate removal of the substance from the container.

A pellet stove includes a hopper for storing pellets, a basket for receiving the pellets by gravity, a duct for conveying combustion air to the basket, and a conduit for conducting heated air away from the basket. The position of the basket is adjustable, such as by raising and lowering it, or by rotating it, so as to control the number of pellets in the area of most intense combustion. One or more optional burn plates, positioned below the basket, provide platforms on which pellets falling through the basket can burn down to a smaller size. The pellet stove requires no external source of power. The stove so constructed enables quiet, efficient and clean burning of the pellets.

A pellet stove includes a hopper for storing pellets, a basket for receiving the pellets by gravity, a duct for conveying combustion air to the basket, and a conduit for conducting heated air away from the basket. The position of the basket is adjustable, such as by raising and lowering it, or by rotating it, so as to control the number of pellets in the area of most intense combustion. One or more optional burn plates, positioned below the basket, provide platforms on which pellets falling through the basket can burn down to a smaller size. The pellet stove requires no external source of power. The stove so constructed enables quiet, efficient and clean burning of the pellets.

A cooking apparatus, having a body defining an interior cooking chamber for cooking food, a pellet supply portion coupled to the body and including a hopper for storing fuel, a combustion chamber for burning the fuel and heating the cooking chamber, a feeding mechanism for supplying fuel from the hopper to the combustion chamber, and a removable collection receptacle located below the combustion chamber. The apparatus also includes an ash-shaker located between the collection receptacle and the combustion chamber, the ash-shaker including an external actuator that controls one or more moving elements located in the combustion chamber, wherein movement of the moving elements encourages unburned debris in the combustion chamber to fall into the receptacle, after which the collection receptacle can be removed and the unburned debris discarded.

A combustion ash handling method of handling combustion ash discharged from a combustion furnace that combusts a petroleum-based fuel includes: separating the combustion ash into a heavy component and a light component by a dry-type separation technique; feeding the light component to the combustion furnace as a fuel; and recovering the heavy component. A metal such as vanadium is separated and extracted from the heavy component of the combustion ash.

The invention relates to a tubular boiler with a heat exchange tube with at least one helical layer situated in a heat exchange chamber, and which includes a set of laterally joined spirals. The boiler includes, an inner side of the helical layer, an oven that is rigidly joined to said layer and connected to a feeder by means of which fuel is supplied. The boiler also includes an output collector for collecting ash and slag, which connects the inside of the heat exchange chamber to the outside of the boiler, and a forced-air-current generator that generates a movement of air inside the boiler and directs it to the oven. This movement of air moves the ash and slag along the at least one helical layer to the output collector.

A process for reforming the fly ash, including the heating step that heats a raw fly ash powder containing the unburned carbon at a temperature of 780 to 1000° C. to decrease the amount of the unburned carbon contained in the raw fly ash powder; the classifying step that introduces the heat-treated fly ash containing the unburned carbon in decreased amounts obtained through the heating step into a classifying apparatus in the state of being heated at a high temperature so as to separate the fly ash into a coarse powder and a fine powder; the fine powder recovering step that recovers the fine powder of the heat-treated fly ash obtained through the classifying step by using a dust-collecting apparatus; and the milling step that mills the coarse powder of the heat-treated fly ash obtained through the classifying step until a 45 μm sieve residue becomes not more than 34% by mass, and then recovers the milled powder.