Provided are: a wet desulfurization apparatus 13 which removes sulfur oxides in flue gas 12A from a boiler 11; a mist collection/agglomeration apparatus 14 which is provided on a downstream side of the desulfurization apparatus 13 and forms agglomerated SO.sub.3 mist by causing particles of SO.sub.3 mist contained in flue gas 12B from the wet desulfurization apparatus 13 to be bonded together and have bloated particle sizes; a CO.sub.2 recovery apparatus 18 constituted by a CO.sub.2 absorption tower 16 having a CO.sub.2 absorption unit 16A which removes CO.sub.2 contained in flue gas 12D by being brought into contact with a CO.sub.2 absorbent and an absorbent regeneration tower 17 which recovers CO.sub.2 by releasing CO.sub.2 from the CO.sub.2 absorbent having absorbed CO.sub.2 and regenerates the CO.sub.2 absorbent; and a mist collection unit 16C which collects CO.sub.2 absorbent bloated mist bloated by the CO.sub.2 absorbent being absorbed by the agglomerated SO.sub.3 mist in the CO.sub.2 absorption unit 16A.

Sorbent compositions containing halogen and either nitrates or nitrites are added to coal to mitigate the release of mercury and/or other harmful elements into the environment during combustion of coal containing natural levels of mercury.

Sorbent compositions containing halogen and either nitrates or nitrites are added to coal to mitigate the release of mercury and/or other harmful elements into the environment during combustion of coal containing natural levels of mercury.

A lithographic apparatus includes a support table and a gas extraction system. The gas extraction system is configured to extract gas from a gap between the base surface of the support table and a substrate through at least one gas extraction opening when the substrate is being lowered onto the support table. The lithographic apparatus is configured such that gas is extracted from the gap at a first loading flow rate when the distance between the substrate and the support plane is greater than a threshold distance and gas is extracted from the gap at a second loading flow rate when the distance between the substrate and the support plane is less than the threshold distance, wherein the second loading flow rate is lower than the first loading flow rate.

The present invention relates to a process for concurrently removing CO.sub.2 and SO.sub.2 from flue gas produced by a combustion process, comprising: (a) performing a combustion process by combusting a fuel and air in a combustion apparatus, thereby creating an exhaust stream comprising CO.sub.2 and SO.sub.2; (b) compressing the exhaust stream in a first compression step, thereby producing a first compressed gas stream; (c) providing a first membrane having a feed side and a permeate side, and being selectively permeable to CO.sub.2 and SO.sub.2 over nitrogen and to CO.sub.2 and SO.sub.2 over oxygen; (d) passing at least a portion of the first compressed gas stream across the feed side; (e) withdrawing from the feed side a CO.sub.2- and SO.sub.2-depleted residue stream; (f) withdrawing from the permeate side at a lower pressure than the first compressed gas stream, a first permeate stream enriched in CO.sub.2 and SO.sub.2; (g) passing the first permeate stream to a separation process that produces a stream enriched in CO.sub.2 and a stream enriched in SO.sub.2.

Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to systems and methods of removing carbon dioxide from a gaseous stream using magnesium hydroxide and then regenerating the magnesium hydroxide. In some embodiments, the systems and methods can further comprise using the waste heat from one or more gas streams to provide some or all of the heat needed to drive the reactions. In some embodiments, magnesium chloride is primarily in the form of magnesium chloride dihydrate and is fed to a decomposition reactor to generate magnesium hydrochloride, which is in turn fed to a second decomposition reactor to generate magnesium hydroxide.

A flue gas additive is provided that includes both a nitrogenous component to reduce gas phase nitrogen oxides and a halogen-containing component to oxidize gas phase elemental mercury.

The nozzle for injecting a reagent into a combustor has a body with a cavity, an occlusion for the cavity, a slit for injecting the reagent, at least one intermediate disc between the body and the occlusion, the at least one intermediate disc having at least one opening for the passage of the reagent, wherein the nozzle further has a first slit between the body and the at least one intermediate disc, a second slit between the occlusion and the at least one intermediate disc (56), and/or at least one slit having at least one corrugated border defining a variable size slit between a minimum size and a maximum size.

A system for regulating condensation of a flue gas in a steam generator is provided. The system includes a temperature controller and a flue gas analyzer. The temperature controller is configured to control a temperature of a component of the steam generator, the component being in heating-contact with the flue gas. The flue gas analyzer is configured to communicate with the temperature controller and to obtain a measurement of an amount of an acid-forming compound in the flue gas. The temperature controller adjusts the temperature of the component based at least in part on the measurement such that the temperature of the component is above an acid dew point of the flue gas when the component is in heating-contact with the flue gas.

A system for regulating condensation of a flue gas in a steam generator is provided. The system includes a temperature controller and a flue gas analyzer. The temperature controller is configured to control a temperature of a component of the steam generator, the component being in heating-contact with the flue gas. The flue gas analyzer is configured to communicate with the temperature controller and to obtain a measurement of an amount of an acid-forming compound in the flue gas. The temperature controller adjusts the temperature of the component based at least in part on the measurement such that the temperature of the component is above an acid dew point of the flue gas when the component is in heating-contact with the flue gas.