A combustion system with a combustion area in a boiler including a fuel pipe for delivering fuel is disclosed. A duct having a bend extended there through is in fluid communication with the fuel pipe and the combustion area of the boiler. The duct has an outer perimeter and an inner perimeter. The duct includes a first partition plate to form a first parallel flow of the fuel between the outer perimeter and the first partition plate, upstream of the bend.

Provided are a vitrification equipment starting method and starting unit. The vitrification equipment starting method includes: preparing an ignition module; putting the ignition module into a chamber of a low-temperature melting furnace; and performing an ignition operation inside the chamber of the low-temperature melting furnace using the ignition module connected to a high-frequency heating unit outside the low-temperature melting furnace, wherein the ignition module is put into the chamber of the low-temperature melting furnace in an initial state before a form thereof is changed and, when put into the chamber of the low-temperature melting furnace, becomes a variable state in which the form thereof is changed from the initial state and performs the ignition operation.

Provided are a vitrification equipment starting method and starting unit. The vitrification equipment starting method includes: preparing an ignition module; putting the ignition module into a chamber of a low-temperature melting furnace; and performing an ignition operation inside the chamber of the low-temperature melting furnace using the ignition module connected to a high-frequency heating unit outside the low-temperature melting furnace, wherein the ignition module is put into the chamber of the low-temperature melting furnace in an initial state before a form thereof is changed and, when put into the chamber of the low-temperature melting furnace, becomes a variable state in which the form thereof is changed from the initial state and performs the ignition operation.

The invention provides method for igniting pressurized fuel, the method comprising placing fuel into a combustion chamber; mixing the fuel with supercritical carbon dioxide and oxidizer to create a mixture; and contacting the fuel-air mixture with a laser, whereby the laser is pointed to a first point within the chamber. Also provided is a laser ignitor for carbon dioxide combustors, the ignitor comprising: an elongated housing capable of varying in length, the housing having a first proximal end and a second distal end; a laser head in close spatial relationship to the proximal end, wherein the laser head generates a first laser beam; a seal at the distal end that is optically transparent to the laser beam and physically opaque to combustion contaminants; an algorithm for directing the first beam to a first point within a combustion chamber for a first period of time; and an algorithm for directing a second laser beam to a second point within the combustion chamber for a second period of time.

An enriched air stove having a combustion surface for supporting solid fuel for combustion and an oxygen enriched air intake fluidly connected to the combustion surface to provide an oxygen enriched air source. The combustion surface can be a baseplate comprising a plurality of apertures fluidly connected to an air mixing chamber to mix atmospheric air and enriched oxygen to assist combustion of the solid fuel.

An enriched air stove having a combustion surface for supporting solid fuel for combustion and an oxygen enriched air intake fluidly connected to the combustion surface to provide an oxygen enriched air source. The combustion surface can be a baseplate comprising a plurality of apertures fluidly connected to an air mixing chamber to mix atmospheric air and enriched oxygen to assist combustion of the solid fuel.

A method and apparatus directed at a plasma-assisted micro-injector suitable for turbine engines that allows for the use of different fuels and different fuel mixtures. The plasma-assisted micro-injector generates a non-equilibrium type plasma across the fuel or fuel mixture that improves combustion performance.

A method and apparatus directed at a plasma-assisted micro-injector suitable for turbine engines that allows for the use of different fuels and different fuel mixtures. The plasma-assisted micro-injector generates a non-equilibrium type plasma across the fuel or fuel mixture that improves combustion performance.

A plasma injection module includes a fuel receiving end, a discharge end opposite the fuel receiving end, and an axial fluid pathway extending between the fuel receiving end and the discharge end. An insulator assembly defines a first portion of the axial fluid pathway proximate to the fuel receiving end. An injection tube assembly having a permanent magnet is positioned downstream of the insulator. A voltage input connection is arranged downstream of the insulator assembly and upstream of the injection tube assembly. The voltage input connection secures a voltage source to the injection tube to form a plasma filament within and adjacent to the axial fluid pathway. During operation a permanent magnet produces a magnetic field that interacts with the plasma filament to rotate the plasma filament and increase an area of ignition between the plasma filament and the combustible material at the discharge end.

A plasma injection module includes a fuel receiving end, a discharge end opposite the fuel receiving end, and an axial fluid pathway extending between the fuel receiving end and the discharge end. An insulator assembly defines a first portion of the axial fluid pathway proximate to the fuel receiving end. An injection tube assembly having a permanent magnet is positioned downstream of the insulator. A voltage input connection is arranged downstream of the insulator assembly and upstream of the injection tube assembly. The voltage input connection secures a voltage source to the injection tube to form a plasma filament within and adjacent to the axial fluid pathway. During operation a permanent magnet produces a magnetic field that interacts with the plasma filament to rotate the plasma filament and increase an area of ignition between the plasma filament and the combustible material at the discharge end.