A housing for a portable sanitary fixture having at least one floor part, at least one roof part, a plurality of side walls, and a plurality of support posts. The floor part is connected to the roof part and/or at least two side walls to each other via at least one support post. The housing has at least three, preferably at least four, and preferably four support posts of which at least one is hollow, and at least one electrically operated functional device or at least one part of at least one electrically operated functional unit is held in an interior of the support post.

In various embodiments, a tile system for mounting structures to a roof may comprise a base assembly, a fastener, a seal, a flashing, and a mounting bracket. The fastener may be installable on the base assembly. The seal may be installable on the fastener. The flashing may be configured to replace a roof tile. Moreover, a protrusion may be field formed in the flashing during installation of the tile system by driving the fastener through the flashing in response to the base assembly being positioned on the roof surface. The bracket may be installable on the fastener and configured to compress the flashing against the seal and the base assembly.

In various embodiments, a tile system for mounting structures to a roof may comprise a base assembly, a fastener, a seal, a flashing, and a mounting bracket. The fastener may be installable on the base assembly. The seal may be installable on the fastener. The flashing may be configured to replace a roof tile. Moreover, a protrusion may be field formed in the flashing during installation of the tile system by driving the fastener through the flashing in response to the base assembly being positioned on the roof surface. The bracket may be installable on the fastener and configured to compress the flashing against the seal and the base assembly.

Receiving and storage of energy, and particularly a particle solar receiver for solar thermal power generation. The particle solar receiver includes: a feeding bin temporarily storing endothermic particles to be heated, and a multi-stage plate heat absorbing channel allowing the particles to flow along a predetermined path by gravity, where the multi-stage plate heat absorbing channel includes a plurality of plate-type structures which forms a changing flow direction of the particles flowing between adjacent plate-type structures. The particle solar receiver can achieve the endothermic particle heating function with a simple structure, i.e., the function of converting the solar power into thermal energy at a high-temperature level.

Receiving and storage of energy, and particularly a particle solar receiver for solar thermal power generation. The particle solar receiver includes: a feeding bin temporarily storing endothermic particles to be heated, and a multi-stage plate heat absorbing channel allowing the particles to flow along a predetermined path by gravity, where the multi-stage plate heat absorbing channel includes a plurality of plate-type structures which forms a changing flow direction of the particles flowing between adjacent plate-type structures. The particle solar receiver can achieve the endothermic particle heating function with a simple structure, i.e., the function of converting the solar power into thermal energy at a high-temperature level.

The present invention provides an apparatus for preparing a metal based on solar energy thermal reduction. The apparatus includes a solar energy collection and photothermal conversion system and a thermal reduction system. The solar energy collection and photothermal conversion system includes: a solar energy collection device (1), a solar energy concentration device (2), and a solar energy transfer device (3) or a photothermal conversion and transfer device. The thermal reduction system includes: a metal reduction chamber (15), an electric field and/or magnetic field generation device (15-3), and a separation and cooling device (15-4). The solar energy collection and photothermal conversion system transfers sunlight or heat to the metal reduction chamber to decompose a metal oxide, and a product resulted from the decomposition is dissociated under the effect of an electric field/magnetic field, and a liquid metal is obtained upon cooling. The apparatus further includes a waste heat recovery and recycle system. According to the present invention, the metal oxide is heated and decomposed by directly using the solar energy, which improves energy utilization rate, greatly prevents environmental pollution and energy waste, and has a great application prospect.

A system and method of extracting frozen water from soil or a regolith and capturing the water is provided. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a water collection system to extract and collect water from regolith. The system is configured to heat the regolith in situ to a temperature at which frozen water in the regolith will vaporize. The water vapor is then captured and collected. In one embodiment, the system includes a power system to provide energy to the regolith to heat the regolith, an enclosure to trap the water vapor released from the heated regolith, and a container operably interconnected to the enclosure to collect the water vapor. In one embodiment, the system can be positioned at a production facility on the Earth, the Moon, Mars, or an asteroid.

A method and system for collecting and distributing generated and/or solar radiation. The distribution is a pulsed distribution. A pulsed distribution subsystem combining a generated radiation source with a solar radiation collector is provided. Radiation from the pulsed distribution subsystem is provided to one or more discrete distribution systems; the discrete distributions systems transmit and distribute radiation, such as visible light, to one or more end use points in a facility.

An insulating material arrangement (10) is disclosed for insulating a building structure (50) such as a wall (52). The material arrangement (10) includes a planar backing layer (12), a planar adhesive layer (14) co-planar with the backing layer (12) and a planar phase change material (PCM) layer (16) which is arranged between the backing layer (12) and the adhesive layer (14), and is also co-planar therewith. The adhesive layer (14) is adapted to secure the material arrangement (10) to the structure in a fitted condition in which the adhesive layer (14) is contacted with the building structure (50). The PCM layer (16) is formed of a silicone foam polymer that is impregnated in some embodiments with micro-encapsulated phase change material in the form of beads, shells or granules (110), and in another arrangement, the PCM layer can also comprise a silicone foam polymer that is impregnated with a phase change material which is absorbed into an amount of porous, inorganic, finely-sized particulate solids (a so-called bound PCM).

A dynamic controllable system for moderating energy absorption at the earth's surface includes a series of panel units mounted above the earth's surface over land and water masses or on buildings. Each panel unit supports rotatable shafts, with panels joined to or integrally formed with the shafts. Each panel (forcing) has a radiation reflective surface and a radiation emissive surface opposite the radiation reflective surface. The panels are selectively rotated into a predetermined one cardinal positions: reflective, emissive and neutral, or into an intermediate position between cardinal positions. The programmable controller receives various data including top of atmosphere satellite data, air temperature and relative humidity at panel units, weather data, time of day, position of panel units, radiation insolation, and combinations thereof. Responsive to real-time data, both local and regional, the programmable controller directs rotational orientation of panels, causing a desired reflection of shortwave and longwave radiation away from the earth's surface.