The present invention relates to exothermically heated and portable heater tray assemblies, systems, their use, including related methods of manufacture and kits. In addition, mobile applications utilized in conjunction with the heater tray assemblies and systems contemplated herein.

An exothermic cutting rod comprising an ignition assembly portion and a main portion. The main portion may comprise a plurality of fuel rods and a rod housing that is configured to allow a flow of oxygen to the ignition assembly portion. The ignition assembly portion may comprise an ignition fuel housing and an ignition fuel, which is entirely contained within said exothermic cutting rod. The ignition fuel housing may have one or more windows that are configured to allow a heat source to ignite the ignition fuel, which then in turn ignites the fuel rods.

An exothermic cutting rod comprising an ignition assembly portion and a main portion. The main portion may comprise a plurality of fuel rods and a rod housing that is configured to allow a flow of oxygen to the ignition assembly portion. The ignition assembly portion may comprise an ignition fuel housing and an ignition fuel, which is entirely contained within said exothermic cutting rod. The ignition fuel housing may have one or more windows that are configured to allow a heat source to ignite the ignition fuel, which then in turn ignites the fuel rods.

A device, system, and method for maintaining temperature control of a distribution item, or of the contents of a distribution item, as the distribution item moves through the distribution network. A container housing an item can include a cooling unit, a heating unit, or both, and control circuitry including a temperature sensor. The control circuitry activates the cooling unit or heating unit as required to maintain the item at a desired temperature or within a desired temperature range.

A device, system, and method for maintaining temperature control of a distribution item, or of the contents of a distribution item, as the distribution item moves through the distribution network. A container housing an item can include a cooling unit, a heating unit, or both, and control circuitry including a temperature sensor. The control circuitry activates the cooling unit or heating unit as required to maintain the item at a desired temperature or within a desired temperature range.

To provide a heat generating material in which a decrease in hydrogen absorption performance and amount of heat generation can be suppressed at the time of use at a high temperature, and physical properties such as hydrogen absorption performance and amount of heat generation are further improved.

The heat generating material includes: a first metal having a melting point of 230° C. or more; and a second metal having a melting point higher than the melting point of the first metal, in which, at this time, at least one of the first metal or the second metal has a hydrogen solubility greater than silver at a temperature less than the melting point of the second metal, a hydride of at least one of the first metal or the second metal has a standard enthalpy of formation equal to or more than a standard enthalpy of formation of CaH.sub.2, and heat is generated when the first metal and the second metal come into contact with hydrogen gas at a temperature less than the melting point of the second metal.

To provide a heat generating material in which a decrease in hydrogen absorption performance and amount of heat generation can be suppressed at the time of use at a high temperature, and physical properties such as hydrogen absorption performance and amount of heat generation are further improved.

The heat generating material includes: a first metal having a melting point of 230° C. or more; and a second metal having a melting point higher than the melting point of the first metal, in which, at this time, at least one of the first metal or the second metal has a hydrogen solubility greater than silver at a temperature less than the melting point of the second metal, a hydride of at least one of the first metal or the second metal has a standard enthalpy of formation equal to or more than a standard enthalpy of formation of CaH.sub.2, and heat is generated when the first metal and the second metal come into contact with hydrogen gas at a temperature less than the melting point of the second metal.

A self-heating product pouch has a first thin flexible material that surrounds and defines a product compartment. A second thin flexible material is coupled to an outwardly-facing surface of the first thin flexible material to define a first heater compartment that is outside, but thermally coupled to, the product compartment. A first thin porous substrate inside the first heater compartment. A granular reactant is distributed throughout the first thin porous substrate. A frangible container is inside the first heater compartment. A liquid reactant is inside the frangible container. The granular reactant and the liquid reactant are adapted to react exothermically upon contact with one another.

A self-heating product pouch has a first thin flexible material that surrounds and defines a product compartment. A second thin flexible material is coupled to an outwardly-facing surface of the first thin flexible material to define a first heater compartment that is outside, but thermally coupled to, the product compartment. A first thin porous substrate inside the first heater compartment. A granular reactant is distributed throughout the first thin porous substrate. A frangible container is inside the first heater compartment. A liquid reactant is inside the frangible container. The granular reactant and the liquid reactant are adapted to react exothermically upon contact with one another.

Provided is a heat generating arrangement and a method for generation of heat to be used in a heat consumer. The heat generating arrangement uses combustion of aluminium and hydrogen to raise the temperature of superheated steam inside the heat generating arrangement. The heat in the superheated steam can thereafter be used in a heat consumer, such as a heat exchanger.