A system comprising a compressor, a first valve coupled to the compressor and coupled to a first coil, a first expansion valve coupled to the first coil, a second coil, and a second expansion valve. The second expansion valve coupled to a third coil, a second valve coupled to the compressor and the third coil. A controller operable to operate the first valve, the first expansion valve, the second expansion valve, and the second valve. The second coil is coupled to the compressor and the refrigerant flows from the second coil to the compressor.

A modular refrigerator includes a plurality of modules with at least one cooling unit module and at least one refrigeration module. The at least one cooling unit module and the at least one refrigeration module are independently constructed and secured to one another. The at least one refrigeration module may include at least a first refrigeration module and a second refrigeration modules. The at least one cooling unit module may be a common cooling unit module for selectively providing a refrigerant to the first and second refrigeration modules.

The present disclosure provides methods and systems for cooling a heat source. Systems for cooling a heat source may comprise a closed loop fluid flow path under vacuum. The closed loop fluid flow path may comprise one or more channels, coolant, a condenser, and one or more cooling interfaces. The closed loop fluid flow path may comprise a shut-off valve for directing coolant to the at least one cooling interface. During use, a heat source may be cooled by directing a liquid coolant to a cooling interface to form a vapor coolant, directing a vapor coolant from the cooling interface to the condenser, and subjecting the vapor coolant to phase transition to regenerate the liquid coolant.

A system and kit for using a source of low-pressure refrigerant for a cryotherapy procedure and for subcooling a cryotherapy refrigerant. The system may generally include a fluid reservoir and a fluid flow path in thermal exchange with the fluid reservoir, the fluid flow path including a first thermal exchange device in thermal exchange with the fluid reservoir, a compressor in fluid communication with the first thermal exchange device, a condenser, a reversing valve located between the compressor and the condenser, a second thermal exchange device located between the reversing valve and the compressor, and an expansion valve located between the condenser and the thermal exchange device. The third thermal exchange device may be configured to be in fluid communication with the cryotherapy console and configured to place a secondary refrigerant within the first fluid flow path in thermal communication with a secondary refrigerant of the cryotherapy system.

A system and kit for using a source of low-pressure refrigerant for a cryotherapy procedure and for subcooling a cryotherapy refrigerant. The system may generally include a fluid reservoir and a fluid flow path in thermal exchange with the fluid reservoir, the fluid flow path including a first thermal exchange device in thermal exchange with the fluid reservoir, a compressor in fluid communication with the first thermal exchange device, a condenser, a reversing valve located between the compressor and the condenser, a second thermal exchange device located between the reversing valve and the compressor, and an expansion valve located between the condenser and the thermal exchange device. The third thermal exchange device may be configured to be in fluid communication with the cryotherapy console and configured to place a secondary refrigerant within the first fluid flow path in thermal communication with a secondary refrigerant of the cryotherapy system.

A valve structure that may control the flow rate of a fluid when the fluid starts to be released is provided. In a valve structure including a valve sheet having two outlets to release a fluid and a valve body arranged to be rotational against the valve sheet to regulate a degree of opening of the outlet, the valve body has a fluid control recess formed in the circumferential direction whose area overlapping the outlet is changed by rotation of the valve body, and the center of the outlet is forced to deviate from a rotation trajectory of a front end portion of the fluid control recess that starts to overlap the outlet by the rotation of the valve body.

A valve structure that may control the flow rate of a fluid when the fluid starts to be released is provided. In a valve structure including a valve sheet having two outlets to release a fluid and a valve body arranged to be rotational against the valve sheet to regulate a degree of opening of the outlet, the valve body has a fluid control recess formed in the circumferential direction whose area overlapping the outlet is changed by rotation of the valve body, and the center of the outlet is forced to deviate from a rotation trajectory of a front end portion of the fluid control recess that starts to overlap the outlet by the rotation of the valve body.

Thermal management systems are described. These systems include a refrigerant receiver configured to store a refrigerant fluid, an evaporator, a closed-circuit refrigeration system having a closed fluid circuit path, with the refrigerant receiver and evaporator disposed in the closed fluid circuit path, and the closed fluid circuit path including a condenser and compressor. These systems also include a modulation capacity control circuit configured to selectively divert refrigerant vapor flow to the condenser from the compressor by diverting a portion of refrigerant vapor flow (diverted flow) from the compressor to the refrigerant receiver in accordance with cooling capacity demand. These systems also include an open-circuit refrigeration system having an open fluid circuit path with the refrigerant receiver and the evaporator, and an exhaust line that discharges the refrigerant fluid from the exhaust line so that the discharged refrigerant fluid is not returned to the open-circuit and the closed-circuit refrigerant fluid flow paths.

Thermal management systems are described. These systems include a refrigerant receiver configured to store a refrigerant fluid, an evaporator, a closed-circuit refrigeration system having a closed fluid circuit path, with the refrigerant receiver and evaporator disposed in the closed fluid circuit path, and the closed fluid circuit path including a condenser and compressor. These systems also include a modulation capacity control circuit configured to selectively divert refrigerant vapor flow to the condenser from the compressor by diverting a portion of refrigerant vapor flow (diverted flow) from the compressor to the refrigerant receiver in accordance with cooling capacity demand. These systems also include an open-circuit refrigeration system having an open fluid circuit path with the refrigerant receiver and the evaporator, and an exhaust line that discharges the refrigerant fluid from the exhaust line so that the discharged refrigerant fluid is not returned to the open-circuit and the closed-circuit refrigerant fluid flow paths.

A compressor system includes a first compressor and a second compressor. A suction equalization line fluidly couples the first compressor and the second compressor. A first branch suction line is fluidly coupled to the first compressor and a second branch suction line is fluidly coupled to the second compressor. A main suction line is fluidly coupled to the first branch suction line and the second branch suction line. An obstruction device is disposed in at least one of the first branch suction line and the second branch suction line. Responsive to deactivation of at least one of the first compressor and the second compressor, the obstruction device is at least partially closed thereby causing prescribed liquid levels in the first compressor and the second compressor during partial-load operation.