A sublimator includes a porous plate having a first surface comprising a low pressure side and a second surface comprising a high pressure side such that refrigerant is configured to move through the porous plate from the high pressure side to the low pressure side. The second surface defines a primary heat transfer surface. The porous plate further includes a plurality of secondary heat transfer surfaces integrally formed on the primary heat transfer surface to facilitate flow and evenly distribute refrigerant across the high pressure side of the porous plate.

A sublimator includes a porous plate having a first surface comprising a low pressure side and a second surface comprising a high pressure side such that refrigerant is configured to move through the porous plate from the high pressure side to the low pressure side. The second surface defines a primary heat transfer surface. The porous plate further includes a plurality of secondary heat transfer surfaces integrally formed on the primary heat transfer surface to facilitate flow and evenly distribute refrigerant across the high pressure side of the porous plate.

This disclosure describes systems, methods, and devices for phytochemical extraction. One example extraction system includes two solvent columns, a material column, and a dewaxing column. The solvent columns store and provide solvent for stripping target chemicals from plant material in the material column. The solvent mixed with target chemicals passes into the dewaxing column, where the target chemicals are separated from waxes and lipids. Cooling is applied to elements of the system by way of an open-loop CO2 refrigeration method. Solvent is moved from the solvent columns to the material column by creating a pressure differential between the two solvent columns.

A projector includes a cooler configured to cool a cooling target based on transformation of a refrigerant into a gas. A refrigerant generator of the cooler includes a first blower configured to deliver air to a first portion of a moisture absorbing/discharging member, a first heat exchanger, a heater, a second blower, a circulation path along which the air exhausted from the second blower circulates, and a second heat exchanger provided in the circulation path. The circulation path has a first path along which air after passing through a second portion of the moisture absorbing/discharging member flows into the first heat exchanger and a second path along which air exhausted from the first heat exchanger is delivered to the second portion. The second heat exchanger exchanges heat between the air flowing along the first path and the air flowing along the second path.

A Transport Refrigeration Unit (TRU) includes one or more evaporators inside the TRU each containing two manifold tubes located at opposite ends of the evaporator and a multiplicity of cooling tubes traversing between the manifold tubes; one or more super-insulated vacuum tanks located in front of, beneath or inside the TRU, filled with liquid nitrogen, carbon dioxide or a cryogenic coolant connected to the one or more evaporators using vacuum-insulated pipes; a solenoid or pneumatic valve located upstream or downstream of the evaporator to meter a flow of nitrogen through the evaporator; a temperature controlling circuit that operates the solenoid or pneumatic valve; a flow restricting device that limits the flow of the cryogenic coolant through the evaporator; a vent pipe to vent the spent coolant outside the TRU; and a multiplicity of fans located adjacent to and above the evaporators that distribute the cooled air uniformly throughout the TRU.

A cryostat for a superconducting magnet system is provided. The cryostat may include an outer vessel and an inner vessel suspended within the outer vessel. A space may be defined by the outer vessel and the inner vessel. The cryostat may include multiple first support elements and one or more second support elements. The strength of the first supporting element may be larger than that of the second support elements. The inner vessel and the outer vessel may be connected by two opposite ends of a first support element and two opposite ends of a second support element, respectively. The number of the first support elements in the lower part of the space is different from the number of the first support elements in the upper part of the space.

A method for cooling a heat source by liquefied gas is provided, wherein the heat source is cooled by filling a liquefied gas into a chamber close to the heat source, and the heat source is located in an electronic device. The temperature of the heat source is detected, and the liquefied gas is filled into the chamber via an inlet valve to absorb heat generated by the heat source when the temperature of the heat source rises to a first value. Specifically, an exhaust valve that communicates with the chamber is opened when the temperature of the heat source decreases and then rises to a second value or the pressure inside the chamber reaches a critical value, so that the liquefied gas in the chamber can be vaporized and discharged through the exhaust valve to an atmospheric environment.

The present invention involves using either liquid nitrogen, dry ice, a gel-like solution of water and alcohol in an ice pack, or a combination of these in a method or device for rapidly lowering the temperature of multiple food and beverage products at the same time. The gel-like ice pack may be shaped around the food or beverage product to increase the surface area resulting in faster cooling. The device may also contain a scale, infrared temperature sensor, and bar code scanner for determining the initial weight, temperature, density, and type of food or beverage product to be cooled.

The present disclosure provides a refrigeration system. The system includes an evaporator unit having a housing configured to receive the refrigerant and an air inlet port configured to receive air. A porous material is disposed within the housing for defining a first compartment and a second compartment. A compressor unit is fluidically coupled to the housing and configured to induce an evacuation action within the housing, which enables air to enter the housing from the ambient surroundings via the air inlet port. The porous material is positioned above the air inlet port for allowing the air into the housing therethrough. The routed air disperses within the housing to form air bubbles, inducing turbulent motion of the refrigerant for converting the refrigerant into a mixture of refrigerant vapors and a cooled refrigerant. A heat exchanger is configured to refrigerate the enclosure.

A computing system and related methods are described. The computing system includes a heat-generating component. The computing system includes an evaporation plate thermally connected to the heat-generating component. The computing system includes a cryogenic cooling system positioned proximate to the evaporation plate. The cryogenic cooling system is configured to release a cryogenic fluid onto the evaporation plate to cool the heat-generating component. The cryogenic fluid has a boiling point of less than 273 K.