Systems and methods for radiative cooling and heating are provided. For example, systems for radiative cooling can include a top layer including one or more polymers, where the top layer has high emissivity in at least a portion of the thermal spectrum and an electromagnetic extinction coefficient of approximately zero, absorptivity of approximately zero, and high transmittance in at least a portion of the solar spectrum, and further include a reflective layer including one or more metals, where the reflective layer has high reflectivity in at least a portion of the solar spectrum.

An AC electric field-assisted refrigerating container comprises: an outer container casing made of metal and having a storage chamber thereinside; an inner container casing formed of a dielectric panel and disposed inside the outer container casing; cooling means to cool an inside of the storage chamber; a plurality of insulated electrodes each formed by densely covering an entire circumference of an electrode plate with an insulator and disposed on an inner wall of the inner container casing; and a transformer for supplying an AC of 10 to 20 VA, at a voltage of 2000 to 4000 V and a frequency of 50 to 60 Hz, wherein the transformer has a ground terminal; wherein the refrigerating container is configured to cause AC discharge from the insulated electrodes to form an AC electric field inside the storage chamber, wherein, as a result of the AC discharge, electrons are supplied to the inner container casing formed of the dielectric panel, and then flow throughout the inner container casing, thereby allowing the electric field to be uniformly distributed throughout the inside of the storage chamber, while being maintained in terms of intensity thereof and, wherein the dielectric panel is a woody panel.

A refrigeration appliance includes a refrigeration circuit having a condenser and a heat circulation system for heating an element of the refrigeration appliance. The heat circulation system includes a heat conducting region. A heat exchanging element includes the condenser and the heat conducting region. The condenser and the heat conducting region in the heat exchanger element are thermally coupled in order to output heat from the refrigeration circuit to the heat conducting region of the heat circulation system.

A system and method for providing dry cooling of a source liquid, having a plurality of heat exchangers which depolymerize and polymerize a polymer. Specifically, the depolymerization process is endothermic and draws heat from a source liquid in a first heat exchanger, and the polymerization process is exothermic and expels heat from a second heat exchanger. Additional heat exchangers and holding tanks may be incorporated in the system and method. In some embodiments the system further provides additional cooling of the polymer prior to depolymerization using cooler night ambient air.

An airstream cooling assembly includes an evaporator and a first and second condenser. The evaporator is configured to have a first airstream directed over its outer surface and to change the phase of a primary cooling medium from liquid to gas. The first condenser is configured to have a second airstream directed over its outer surface, transfer heat from the primary cooling medium, and change the phase of the primary cooling medium from gas to liquid. The second condenser is configured to accept a secondary cooling medium, and when accepting the secondary cooling medium, to receive the primary cooling medium from the evaporator, transfer heat from the primary cooling medium, and change the phase of the primary cooling medium from gas to liquid. The evaporator is configured to receive the primary cooling medium in the liquid phase from at least one of the first condenser and the second condenser.

An arrangement for cryogenic cooling comprising a cryogen tank (14), a cryogenic recondensing refrigerator (12) arranged to cool a heat exchanger which is exposed to the interior of the cryogen tank (14) and an arrangement (16; 26) for conducting heat from a cooled article (10) to the cryogen tank. A further cryogen tank (20) is provided below the heat exchanger and arranged to receive cryogen liquid recondensed on the heat exchanger.

A heat exchanger includes at least one flat tube configured to allow a refrigerant mixture inclusive of HFO1123, R32, and HFO1234yf to flow therethrough as a heat medium. The flat tube includes a plurality of flow paths for the heat medium. Each of the plurality of flow paths has a round rectangular shape in cross section, the round rectangular shape being defined by a pair of longitudinal line segments opposed to each other, a pair of lateral line segments opposed to each other, and a set of four rounded corners, each of the rounded corners being a segment of a circumference of a circle. The pair of longitudinal line segments are intersects with the pair of lateral line segments at the rounded corners. The round rectangular shape is configured to satisfy 0.005≦r/d≦0.8 where r is a radius of the circle, and d is a distance between the pair of longitudinal line segments opposed to each other.

The present disclosure relates to a technical idea of reducing the surface temperature of a material or temperature under a material by emitting heat under a device to the outside by absorbing and emitting long-wavelength infrared light corresponding to the wavelength range of the atmospheric window while minimizing absorption of light of the solar spectrum. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a technology for providing a radiative cooling device having a multilayer structure that is capable of increasing sunlight reflection through differences in the refractive indexes of the device-forming materials while performing selective emission over the wavelength range of the atmospheric window using a radiative cooling device having a multilayer structure composed of polymers and inorganic materials.

An apparatus for maintaining the temperature of an article at a temperature that is below the ambient air temperature includes an enclosure having an outer wall that defines an interior chamber for holding a volume of sealed air. An insert is disposed inside of the chamber and has a body that is made of a porous graphite foam material. A vacuum pump penetrates the outer wall and fluidly connects the sealed air in the interior chamber with the ambient air outside of the enclosure. The temperatures of the insert and article is maintained at temperatures that are below the ambient air temperature when a volume of a liquid is wicked into the pores of the porous insert and the vacuum pump is activated to reduce the pressure of a volume of sealed air within the interior chamber to a pressure that is below the vapor pressure of the liquid.

A bipolar plate having side ports is described for use with an electrochemical cell. A side port having a high aspect ratio will have an effect on the partial pressure of the reactant gasses and prevent high pressure drop of the working fluid transport to the electrodes. The membrane electrode assembly may have a high aspect ratio and the port opening may be on the long side of the bipolar plate. The electrochemical cell may be configured in an enclosure that is maintained at less than atmospheric pressure which further increases the need for low pressure drop fuel deliver to the electrodes, especially in electrochemical compressor applications.