A vehicle-borne solar air-conditioning system includes: power supply management controller, battery pack, AC power supply, controller, air-conditioning system; wherein the power supply management controller is used to manage the solar cell set to charge and discharge the battery pack and manage the motor vehicle power supply to charge and discharge the battery pack; the backup power module is used to manage the AC power to charge and discharge the battery pack; the master control module is used to set the working mode, control the solar power supply management module, motor vehicle generation power supply management module and the backup power module to work in a set working mode. The present invention integrates solar energy resources and AC power supply to manage comprehensively three kinds of power supplies through the power supply management controller and allocates them to the motor vehicle air-conditioning system rationally.

A system for protecting an engine from damage due to vibration while the engine is not operating is provided. The system includes an engine having a crankshaft, at least one piston, at least one bearing, a lubricating fluid source, and a fluid pump associated therewith and a controller operationally connected to and configured to control the fluid pump. When the system is in a first mode, the controller is configured to control the fluid pump in a duty cycle to maintain a predetermined minimum fluid pressure of the lubricating fluid such that a lubricating fluid film is present between the at least one bearing and the crankshaft while the engine is not operating.

A vehicle air conditioning apparatus includes an outdoor expansion valve controller configured to control an evaporating temperature of a refrigerant in a heat exchanger by regulating an opening of an outdoor expansion valve during a heating and dehumidifying operation, an evaporating temperature control valve provided in a refrigerant flow passage to an output side of the heat exchanger from which the refrigerant is discharged, and configured to control the evaporating temperature of the refrigerant in the heat exchanger by regulating an amount of the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant flow passage, a temperature detector configured to detect a temperature of the refrigerant in the heat exchanger, and a control changer configured to change control of the evaporating temperature of the refrigerant in the heat exchanger from by regulating an opening of the outdoor expansion valve to by regulating an opening of the evaporating temperature control valve.

Reliability of devices such as lighting fixtures, is improved by replacing an inductor based voltage inverter to power the device with a switching constant current PWM controller. Avoiding use of an inductor and matching capacitor is made possible by a high voltage power input that exceeds the voltage requirements of the device. The power is pulse width modulated with a current feedback to control duty cycle, and thus average device current.

A heat-recovery-type refrigerating apparatus includes a compressor, a heat-source-side heat exchanger, and a plurality of usage-side heat exchangers, and refrigerant is sent from the usage-side heat exchanger functioning as a refrigerant radiator to the usage-side heat exchanger functioning as a refrigerant evaporator, whereby heat can be recovered between the usage-side heat exchangers. Here, a portion of the heat-source-side heat exchanger is configured as a precooling heat exchanger for always circulating high-pressure vapor refrigerant discharged from the compressor, and a refrigerant cooler for cooling an electrical equipment item is connected to a downstream side of the precooling heat exchanger.

A thermodynamic system for powering a reciprocating device includes a refrigerant passing in a closed loop between a refrigerant compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator. The system includes a heat source for heating the refrigerant, and an engine for receiving the heated refrigerant. The engine includes a housing, a shaft axially movable within the housing, a piston attached to the shaft, a shifter for reversing piston direction, and porting for passing the refrigerant into and out of the engine housing.

The power supply system includes: movable power-receiving units, each power-receiving unit including at least one power-receiving device used to receive electric power from outside of the power-receiving unit and at least one power-supplying device used to supply, to the outside of the power-receiving unit, at least part of electric power received by the power-receiving device; and a power-supplying unit used to supply electric power to the power-receiving device of one power-receiving unit of the power-receiving units.

The power supply system includes: movable power-receiving units, each power-receiving unit including at least one power-receiving device used to receive electric power from outside of the power-receiving unit and at least one power-supplying device used to supply, to the outside of the power-receiving unit, at least part of electric power received by the power-receiving device; and a power-supplying unit used to supply electric power to the power-receiving device of one power-receiving unit of the power-receiving units.

For creating a storage unit comprising a container housing enclosing a storage volume for receiving freight and a gaseous medium surrounding said freight, said storage unit further comprising a tempering system provided with a tempering unit associated with said storage volume for maintaining a flow of said gaseous medium circulating in said storage volume and passing through said tempering unit in order to be maintained at a defined or set temperature, said tempering unit comprising an internal heat exchanger arranged in said flow of gaseous medium passing through said tempering unit, said tempering system being provided with a refrigerant circuit comprising said internal heat exchanger, an external heat exchanger exposed to ambient air surrounding said container housing which operates reliably and cost efficient under the aforementioned condition, as well as a compressor unit for compressing refrigerant, and said tempering system being further provided with an engine for driving said compressor unit in an independent power source mode and said tempering system being further provided with an electric motor/generator unit mechanically coupled to said compressor unit, and said compressor unit and said motor/generator unit being commonly driven by said engine in said independent power source mode.

For creating a storage unit comprising a container housing enclosing a storage volume for receiving freight and a gaseous medium surrounding said freight, said storage unit further comprising a tempering system provided with a tempering unit associated with said storage volume for maintaining a flow of said gaseous medium circulating in said storage volume and passing through said tempering unit in order to be maintained at a defined or set temperature, said tempering unit comprising an internal heat exchanger arranged in said flow of gaseous medium passing through said tempering unit, said tempering system being provided with a refrigerant circuit comprising said internal heat exchanger, an external heat exchanger exposed to ambient air surrounding said container housing which operates reliably and cost efficient under the aforementioned condition, as well as a compressor unit for compressing refrigerant, and said tempering system being further provided with an engine for driving said compressor unit in an independent power source mode and said tempering system being further provided with an electric motor/generator unit mechanically coupled to said compressor unit, and said compressor unit and said motor/generator unit being commonly driven by said engine in said independent power source mode.