A grain storage bin includes a cylindrical wall formed by a plurality of panels arranged in rows with a bottom edge of a first row bolted to a top edge of a second lower row. At each joint the bottom edge of the first upper row is overlapped with and outside of the outer surface of top edge of the second lower row and the bottom edge is fastened to the top edge by bolts carrying spacers as to define a first channel along the joint for passage of air. A central air injection duct is formed of a series of generally frustoconical duct pieces arranged in a row suspended on a cable from the roof with a tube portion into which the air is injected fixed on legs at a hopper bottom standing upwardly therefrom. The cable is connected by a spring at the bottom to maintain tension.

The present disclosure relates to environmentally-clean thermal drying systems and methods. In accordance with one aspect, a method for thermal drying includes receiving a grease-related waste, burning the grease-related waste in a furnace to generate heat energy, receiving a bio-waste in an indirect dryer at an adjustable feed rate, drying the bio-waste in the indirect dryer using at least some of the heat energy, and metering the bio-waste into the indirect dryer at the adjustable feed rate. The adjustable feed rate is adjusted based on a percentage of solids of the bio-waste before entering the indirect dryer and a temperature within the indirect dryer, where the indirect dryer and the adjustable feed rate are coordinated to achieve a predetermined percentage of solids in a dried bio-waste exiting the indirect dryer.

Disclosed are a substrate drying apparatus, a facility of manufacturing a semiconductor device, and a method of drying a substrate. The substrate drying apparatus includes a chamber that is configured to dry a substrate at a first temperature, a first reservoir that is configured to store a first supercritical fluid at a second temperature that is less than the first temperature, a second reservoir that is configured to store a second supercritical fluid at a third temperature that is greater than the first temperature, and a supply unit connected between the chamber and the first reservoir and/or second reservoir. The supply unit is configured to supply the chamber with the first supercritical fluid and second supercritical fluid.

Disclosed are a substrate drying apparatus, a facility of manufacturing a semiconductor device, and a method of drying a substrate. The substrate drying apparatus includes a chamber that is configured to dry a substrate at a first temperature, a first reservoir that is configured to store a first supercritical fluid at a second temperature that is less than the first temperature, a second reservoir that is configured to store a second supercritical fluid at a third temperature that is greater than the first temperature, and a supply unit connected between the chamber and the first reservoir and/or second reservoir. The supply unit is configured to supply the chamber with the first supercritical fluid and second supercritical fluid.

An industrial oven includes an oven chamber configured to receive a plurality of workpieces for drying or curing. A heater box of the oven has a heating element therein operable to heat air for delivery to the oven chamber. A circulation system of the oven is operable to force hot air from the heater box into the oven chamber. A VOC oxidation catalyst is provided in the circulation system.

Pharmaceutical formulations, methods for spray drying pharmaceutical formations, and systems for spray drying pharmaceutical formulation are provided. In one example, a method for spray drying a pharmaceutical formulation may include selecting a solvent mixture comprising a low volatility solvent based on a solubility of a drug of the pharmaceutical formulation in the solvent mixture, forming a solution of the drug of the pharmaceutical formulation in the solvent mixture, and spray drying the solution using a spray drying mass ratio that is selected based on a relationship between a glass transition temperature of the pharmaceutical formulation and a relative saturation of the low volatility solvent during the spray drying, the spray drying mass ratio defining a liquid feed rate of the solution to a gas feed rate of a drying gas, and using a process outlet temperature that is less than the glass transition temperature of the pharmaceutical formulation.

Pharmaceutical formulations, methods for spray drying pharmaceutical formations, and systems for spray drying pharmaceutical formulation are provided. In one example, a method for spray drying a pharmaceutical formulation may include selecting a solvent mixture comprising a low volatility solvent based on a solubility of a drug of the pharmaceutical formulation in the solvent mixture, forming a solution of the drug of the pharmaceutical formulation in the solvent mixture, and spray drying the solution using a spray drying mass ratio that is selected based on a relationship between a glass transition temperature of the pharmaceutical formulation and a relative saturation of the low volatility solvent during the spray drying, the spray drying mass ratio defining a liquid feed rate of the solution to a gas feed rate of a drying gas, and using a process outlet temperature that is less than the glass transition temperature of the pharmaceutical formulation.

A method of operating a furnace having a firing system is disclosed. The method includes providing a solid fuel to a sieve; separating the fuel into a portion and a second portion; providing a first portion of a flue gas to a first fuel dryer comprising a first duct; providing the first portion of fuel to the first duct, and drying the first portion of fuel therein; conveying the first portion of fuel through the first duct to the furnace; burning the first portion of fuel with firing system; conveying the second portion of fuel and a second portion of the flue gas to a second fuel dryer in a lower portion of the furnace, providing the second portion of fuel to a mill; pulverizing the second portion of fuel with the mill; conveying the second portion of fuel to the furnace; and burning the second portion of fuel.

A laundry appliance includes a drum that processes laundry. A blower delivers process air from a heater to the drum via an airflow path. A structural panel defines a front aperture for accessing an interior of the drum and an air channel that defines a portion of the airflow path. The structural panel includes a lower first portion that is made of a first material and an upper second portion that is made of a second material that is different from the first material. The first and second materials meet at a predetermined seam that extends through the structural panel and the air channel.

A method for dehydration and critical point drying of a sample in a single chamber is introduced, comprising the steps of (a) dehydrating the sample by replacing water by an intermediate fluid, (b) replacing the intermediate fluid by a transitional fluid, (c) pressurising the transitional fluid to or beyond its critical pressure and/or heating the transitional fluid (4 to or beyond its critical temperature, and (d) in response to gradually releasing the pressure, letting the transitional fluid gasify and escape from the sample. In step (a) and/or step (b), a ratio of the fluid to-be-replaced to the replacing fluid is measured and used to control a supply of the replacing fluid. The method reduces consumption of intermediate fluid and/or transitional fluid, making the process more efficient in terms of duration and user interaction while ensuring a high degree of dryness and the integrity of the sample.